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美《西部医学杂志》第136卷第4期报道:本世纪四十年代到六十年代期间,通常用乙烯雌酚(diethylstilbestrol:DES)治疗各种妊娠并发症,特别是治疗先兆流产。1971年,当大量收集的资料证明阴道透明细胞(clear-cell)腺癌和阴道腺病与患病年轻妇女的母亲在妊娠期间服用DES有关,才开始引起人们关注产前接触DES的问题。后来,关注到DES透过胎盘对发育的男性胎儿的危害性。经过25年的随访比较或后来对有关受试者进行双盲研究DES防止妊娠不良影响的效果,证明接触过DES的男性胎儿发生附睾囊肿、睾丸发育不全或两者的发病率较高。308名接触过DES的男婴中,31.5％有附睾囊肿、睾丸发育不全或两者都存在,而在接触安慰剂的307名
The United States, “Western Medicine,” Volume 136, No. 4 reported: from the 1940s to the 1960s, diethylstilbestrol (DES) treatment of various pregnancy complications, especially for the treatment of threatened abortion. In 1971, when extensive data were collected that clear-cell adenocarcinoma and vaginal adenopathy were associated with DES taking during pregnancy, mothers of sick young women started to raise concerns about prenatal exposure to DES. Later, the concern about the destructive effects of DES on the developing male fetus through the placenta. After 25 years of follow-up comparison or subsequent double-blind study on subjects with DES to prevent the adverse effects of pregnancy, male fetuses exposed to DES were found to have epidural cysts, testicular hypoplasia, or both. Of the 308 DES infants, 31.5% had epididymal cyst, testicular hypoplasia, or both, and 307 of the placebo