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本文对钛型渣系(TiO_2—CaF_2)、无氧涂料渣系(CaF_2—CaO—TiO_2)及低氢型渣系(CaO—CaF_2—SiO_2)的蒙乃尔合金焊条在焊接时产生气孔的主要原因与机理进行了研究。试验表明,加强涂料中的脱氧、脱氮及去氢是消除气孔的重要途径。蒙乃尔合金手工电弧焊接中,氮与氢是促成焊缝产生气孔的主要因素。因此,应当在涂料中加入较强的脱氮物质(如钛、铝等),焊条要严格烘干,并注意加强熔渣反应中的去氢作用。焊条熔渣的物理性能直接影响焊缝表面气孔的形状和数量。合理的焊接工艺参数对消除蒙乃尔合金焊接气孔是有效的,如用较低的电弧电压,稍慢的焊接速度,大型工件进行预热都有利于焊缝中气体的排除。
In this paper, the main reasons for the formation of pores in the welding of Monel alloy electrode with titanium slag system (TiO2-CaF2), anaerobic coating slag system (CaF_2-CaO-TiO_2) and low hydrogen type slag system (CaO-CaF_2-SiO_2) And the mechanism was studied. Experiments show that to strengthen the deoxidization coating, denitrification and hydrogen removal is an important way to eliminate stomatal. In Monel alloy hand arc welding, nitrogen and hydrogen are the main contributors to the porosity of the weld. Therefore, should be added to the paint strong denitrifying substances (such as titanium, aluminum, etc.), the electrode should be strictly dry, and pay attention to strengthening the slag dehydrogenation reaction. The physical properties of electrodeposition slag directly affect the shape and number of pores on the surface of the weld. Reasonable welding process parameters to eliminate Monel alloy welding pores is effective, such as with a lower arc voltage, slightly slower welding speed, large parts preheating are conducive to the elimination of gas in the weld.