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It is a flower in a bleeding, fighting city. It is the biggest coexistence project that succeeded in bringing 400 Jews and Arabs to grow up and live together.
——Alla Hattib, co-principal of Max Rayne School
目前，中东问题是世界和平的一个棘手难题。中东和平的关键在巴以，而巴以的焦点在耶路撒冷。圣城耶路撒冷，这块面积不足0.135平方公里的土地，由于有太多圣迹的重叠，因此引发了历史积怨和没完没了的宗教纷争。
一直以来，犹太人与阿拉伯人世代的恩怨在耶路撒冷打了个化不开的死结，这里有太多的苦难，太多的血汗，太多忧郁的眼神。
习惯了流血冲突的巴以人民开始用新的方式给和平一次机会。本文提到的犹太人与阿拉伯人的混合学校，就承载着中东未来和平的新希望。它就像襁褓中的婴儿，刚刚出生，十分柔弱。它会茁壮成长，还是被扼杀于襁褓之中？这个问题的答案，就像中东的和平进程一样，扑朔迷离。
There are some sentences rarely spoken in 1)Jerusalem, a place forever strug-gling with bitter divisions between its Jewish and Arab neighbors. But now in the newly built corridors and classrooms of the city’s only bilingual school they are commonplace.
Jamie Einstein, 13, a bright Jewish boy with a long pony tail and his wrist in a plaster cast, talked happily about two of his Arab classmates. “My two best friends, one of them is a Muslim and one is a Christian,” he said. “For me it doesn’t matter. What really matters is what they are like.”
Now in the eighth grade, he has been a pupil at the school since it first started its experiment in mixed education a decade ago. Each class has both Arabs and Jews, boys and girls, all of Muslim, Christian or Jewish religion. Each class also has two teachers, one Arab, one Jewish, each teaching in their mother tongue. And the school itself is run by two co-principals, one Arab, one Jewish.
The teachers and their 410 pupils moved into their new $11million building in October 2007, funded in part by the late British Jewish 2)philanthropist
3)Lord Rayne. The specially commissioned steel and concrete building, with its airy classrooms, sports field, concert hall and
4)sweeping passageways, represents the latest effort to expand their vision of how a mixed school can thrive in a divided city.
It is not easily done. The Max Rayne school, sited between the Jewish neighborhood of Pat and the Arab neighborhood of Beit Safafa, is the only such school in Jerusalem. There are three others elsewhere in Israel. They are all part of the same organization, Hand in Hand, which began a decade ago in the initial 5)euphoria of the Oslo Peace Accords.
There has been opposition, though now
6)dwindling, to the school, in part from neighbors anxious about noise and traffic, and in part from right-wing 7)rabbis opposed to the mixing of Arab and Jewish children. The divisions in Jerusalem stand at the heart of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The city’s future will have to be a central 8)plank of any 9)plausible Middle East peace deal.
Jamie’s mother, Tami Einstein, an 10)art
therapist who works in both 11)east and west Jerusalem, has been involved with the school since it began. “I feel all schools should be like this,” she said. “It should be normal to sit together. Jamie’s friends are almost like brothers to him and now our families are very close friends. That was really the point.”
At Jamie’s 12)Bar Mitzvah last year invitations were printed in 13)Hebrew and Arabic and his Arab friends gave readings. “Just because something is rare or difficult doesn’t mean it’s not going to work,” she said. “Someone has to make a start.” The message is everywhere. One class of excited 10-year-olds sat before their two teachers for an Arabic class yesterday morning. On the board in front of them, their teachers had written the Hebrew words shituf peula and next to them in Arabic, ta’aoun—both mean “co-operation”. Underneath, in Hebrew, was written: “Two are better than one.”
The children 14)observe Muslim, Christian and Jewish holidays, taking time off in recent weeks for both the Jewish high holidays and 15)Eid al-Fitr at the end of 16)Ramadan. All three religions are taught and discussed.
One of the teachers is Angy Wattad, a Muslim Arab woman from northern Israel who a month ago started wearing a 17)hijab. Before she did, she explained to her pupils what she was doing.
“I told them I was strengthening my belief. I told them that I would have a different look but from the inside I’m not changing,” she said. “But I didn’t tell the teachers, and some of them were surprised. But the beauty of the school is that we accept people the way they are.” She is now one of four women teachers who wear the hijab in a staff that also includes 18)observant Jews. In class the children discuss the history of their region, including the War of 1948, which Israel describes as the war of independence and which Palestinians refer to as catastrophe.
“We teach everything and we discuss the issues and we accept it is possible not to agree with each other,” said Amin Khalaf, a co-founder of the Hand in Hand mixed education project. “But we have to know both sides.” The children admit it is often difficult. “Some of it is quite hard,” said Tamar Borman, a 13-year-old Jewish pupil. “Sometimes we argue and sometimes we cry. But it’s nothing too big. And if we don’t face the problems we won’t be able to solve them.”
There is still much that the two co-principals hope to achieve. For now the school only teaches up to the ninth grade—children aged around 14. They are still applying for government permission to teach older children.
“This new building symbolizes the legitimacy we are getting from the public,” said Ms Peretz, a Jewish Israeli, “The school is making a psychological change in people’s thinking.”
犹太人与毗邻而居的阿拉伯人对耶路撒冷的争夺旷日持久，纷争不断，有些话题在这里几乎从不会被人提起。然而现在，在这座城市惟一一所双语学校新落成的教室和走廊里，这些话题都被师生们挂在嘴上，成了习以为常的事情。
13岁的杰米·爱因斯坦是个聪明伶俐的犹太小男孩，扎着一条长长的马尾辫，手腕上还裹着石膏模，他神采飞扬地谈到他的两位阿拉伯同学。“我最好的两个朋友，一个是穆斯林，另一个是基督徒，”他说，“这对我来说没什么关系，他们为人如何才是最重要的。”
这所实验性的混合学校在10年前创办，杰米从它创办开始就一直在这里读书，今年他已经八年级了。每个班里都有阿拉伯和犹太学生，男孩和女孩共同上课，穆斯林、基督教以及犹太教在这里交融。每个班分别有一位阿拉伯老师和一位犹太老师，他们都用自己的母语教学。学校本身也由两位校长共同掌管，一个阿拉伯人和一个犹太人。
学校的老师以及410名学生于2007年10月份搬进了斥资1100万美元新建成的教学楼。部分建楼资金来自已故英籍犹太裔慈善家雷恩男爵的赞助。这座肩负着特殊使命的钢筋混凝土建筑为孩子们提供了通风的课室，运动场、音乐厅和宽敞的走廊，体现着人们拓展愿景的最新尝试：在这个因宗教差异而导致人们敌对分裂的城市里，不同信仰的学生混合而成的学校也能发展起来。
要实现这一切绝非一件轻而易举的事。马克斯·雷恩学校位于犹太人聚居地Pat和阿拉伯人聚居地Beit Safafa之间，是耶路撒冷惟一一所巴以学生混合的学校。以色列其他地区还有三所这样的学校，都隶属于同一个名为“手牵手”的组织，该组织是十多年前巴以签署《奥斯陆和平协议》后，在初期的乐观情绪中成立的。
对于这所特别的学校，一直以来都有反对声音，尽管这种声音现正逐渐减弱。一方面，附近的居民担心学校会带来噪音，引致交通不便；另一方面，右翼犹太学者反对阿拉伯和犹太孩子共同上课。巴以冲突的核心在于耶路撒冷的分治，这座城市将何去何从，这个问题会在任何可能行得通的中东和平协议框架中占据重要地位。
杰米的母亲塔米·爱因斯坦是艺术治疗师，在东耶和西耶工作，自从学校成立以来，她就一直参与其中的事务。“我认为所有的学校都应该这样，”她说，“阿拉伯和犹太孩子坐在一起上课应该成为一件平常的事情。杰米和朋友们就像亲兄弟一样，现在我们这些家庭也成了非常亲密的朋友。这正是我们办学的初衷。”
杰米去年成年礼的请柬是用希伯来语和阿拉伯语印制的，为他朗诵的是他的阿拉伯朋友。“有些事情并不常见，或很难办到，但这并不代表那是不可行的，”她说，“总得有人来开头。”这个信念反映在学校的方方面面。昨天上午，一班兴奋的十多岁的小学生坐在课室里，两位老师在讲授阿拉伯课程。老师在他们前面的授课板上用希伯来文写下“shituf peula”，接着又在旁边写上阿拉伯语“ta’aoun”，它们都表示“合作”的意思。这两个词下面用希伯来语写着：“两人合作胜于一人单干”。
孩子们过穆斯林、基督教以及犹太教的所有节日，最近几个星期，大家还放假庆祝了犹太教的重要节日，以及穆斯林斋月后的开斋节。这三种宗教的教义，在这里都被教授和讨论。
其中一位老师名叫安吉·沃塔德，是一位来自以色列北部的阿拉伯穆斯林妇女。一个月前她开始戴头巾。在开始戴头巾前，她向学生们解释了她的行为。
“我告诉他们说，我更加坚定了自己的信仰。从外表看我是不同了，但我的内心并没有发生变化，”她说道，“但我没有告诉其他老师，他们有的人很吃惊。这所学校的可爱之处在于它能够接受不同族群的本色。”她现在是学校里戴穆斯林头巾的四位女教师之一，而学校的员工里也有严格遵从犹太教义的犹太人。课堂上，孩子们讨论这个地区的历史，包括1948年的战争——以色列人称之为独立战争，而巴勒斯坦人则视之为浩劫。
“我们教课时没有任何回避，也讨论有争议的话题，如果不能达成共识，我们也能接受，”“手牵手”混合教育计划的创始人之一阿米·卡拉弗说道，“但我们必须了解彼此。”孩子们承认，常常很难做到这一点。“有些问题非常尖锐，”13岁的犹太学生塔玛尔·博尔曼说，“有时候我们会争辩，有时候甚至会叫起来。但这些都没什么大不了的。如果我们不能正视这些问题，就永远找不到解决的方法。”
两位校长还远远没有实现全部抱负——现在学校的课程只是开到九年级，也就是孩子大概14岁的时候。他们仍在向政府申请，希望可以向较年长的孩子授课。
“新教学楼象征着公众开始对混合学校采取肯定和支持的态度，”犹太族以色列人佩列兹女士说，“这间混合学校正逐渐从心理层面上改变着人们的思维方式。”
注：“本文中所涉及到的图表、注解、公式等内容请以PDF格式阅读原文。”
It is a flower in a bleeding, fighting city. It is the biggest coexistence project that succeeded in bringing 400 Jews and Arabs to grow up and live together.
——Alla Hattib, co-principal of Max Rayne School
目前，中东问题是世界和平的一个棘手难题。中东和平的关键在巴以，而巴以的焦点在耶路撒冷。圣城耶路撒冷，这块面积不足0.135平方公里的土地，由于有太多圣迹的重叠，因此引发了历史积怨和没完没了的宗教纷争。
一直以来，犹太人与阿拉伯人世代的恩怨在耶路撒冷打了个化不开的死结，这里有太多的苦难，太多的血汗，太多忧郁的眼神。
习惯了流血冲突的巴以人民开始用新的方式给和平一次机会。本文提到的犹太人与阿拉伯人的混合学校，就承载着中东未来和平的新希望。它就像襁褓中的婴儿，刚刚出生，十分柔弱。它会茁壮成长，还是被扼杀于襁褓之中？这个问题的答案，就像中东的和平进程一样，扑朔迷离。
There are some sentences rarely spoken in 1)Jerusalem, a place forever strug-gling with bitter divisions between its Jewish and Arab neighbors. But now in the newly built corridors and classrooms of the city’s only bilingual school they are commonplace.
Jamie Einstein, 13, a bright Jewish boy with a long pony tail and his wrist in a plaster cast, talked happily about two of his Arab classmates. “My two best friends, one of them is a Muslim and one is a Christian,” he said. “For me it doesn’t matter. What really matters is what they are like.”
Now in the eighth grade, he has been a pupil at the school since it first started its experiment in mixed education a decade ago. Each class has both Arabs and Jews, boys and girls, all of Muslim, Christian or Jewish religion. Each class also has two teachers, one Arab, one Jewish, each teaching in their mother tongue. And the school itself is run by two co-principals, one Arab, one Jewish.
The teachers and their 410 pupils moved into their new $11million building in October 2007, funded in part by the late British Jewish 2)philanthropist
3)Lord Rayne. The specially commissioned steel and concrete building, with its airy classrooms, sports field, concert hall and
4)sweeping passageways, represents the latest effort to expand their vision of how a mixed school can thrive in a divided city.
It is not easily done. The Max Rayne school, sited between the Jewish neighborhood of Pat and the Arab neighborhood of Beit Safafa, is the only such school in Jerusalem. There are three others elsewhere in Israel. They are all part of the same organization, Hand in Hand, which began a decade ago in the initial 5)euphoria of the Oslo Peace Accords.
There has been opposition, though now
6)dwindling, to the school, in part from neighbors anxious about noise and traffic, and in part from right-wing 7)rabbis opposed to the mixing of Arab and Jewish children. The divisions in Jerusalem stand at the heart of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The city’s future will have to be a central 8)plank of any 9)plausible Middle East peace deal.
Jamie’s mother, Tami Einstein, an 10)art
therapist who works in both 11)east and west Jerusalem, has been involved with the school since it began. “I feel all schools should be like this,” she said. “It should be normal to sit together. Jamie’s friends are almost like brothers to him and now our families are very close friends. That was really the point.”
At Jamie’s 12)Bar Mitzvah last year invitations were printed in 13)Hebrew and Arabic and his Arab friends gave readings. “Just because something is rare or difficult doesn’t mean it’s not going to work,” she said. “Someone has to make a start.” The message is everywhere. One class of excited 10-year-olds sat before their two teachers for an Arabic class yesterday morning. On the board in front of them, their teachers had written the Hebrew words shituf peula and next to them in Arabic, ta’aoun—both mean “co-operation”. Underneath, in Hebrew, was written: “Two are better than one.”
The children 14)observe Muslim, Christian and Jewish holidays, taking time off in recent weeks for both the Jewish high holidays and 15)Eid al-Fitr at the end of 16)Ramadan. All three religions are taught and discussed.
One of the teachers is Angy Wattad, a Muslim Arab woman from northern Israel who a month ago started wearing a 17)hijab. Before she did, she explained to her pupils what she was doing.
“I told them I was strengthening my belief. I told them that I would have a different look but from the inside I’m not changing,” she said. “But I didn’t tell the teachers, and some of them were surprised. But the beauty of the school is that we accept people the way they are.” She is now one of four women teachers who wear the hijab in a staff that also includes 18)observant Jews. In class the children discuss the history of their region, including the War of 1948, which Israel describes as the war of independence and which Palestinians refer to as catastrophe.
“We teach everything and we discuss the issues and we accept it is possible not to agree with each other,” said Amin Khalaf, a co-founder of the Hand in Hand mixed education project. “But we have to know both sides.” The children admit it is often difficult. “Some of it is quite hard,” said Tamar Borman, a 13-year-old Jewish pupil. “Sometimes we argue and sometimes we cry. But it’s nothing too big. And if we don’t face the problems we won’t be able to solve them.”
There is still much that the two co-principals hope to achieve. For now the school only teaches up to the ninth grade—children aged around 14. They are still applying for government permission to teach older children.
“This new building symbolizes the legitimacy we are getting from the public,” said Ms Peretz, a Jewish Israeli, “The school is making a psychological change in people’s thinking.”
犹太人与毗邻而居的阿拉伯人对耶路撒冷的争夺旷日持久，纷争不断，有些话题在这里几乎从不会被人提起。然而现在，在这座城市惟一一所双语学校新落成的教室和走廊里，这些话题都被师生们挂在嘴上，成了习以为常的事情。
13岁的杰米·爱因斯坦是个聪明伶俐的犹太小男孩，扎着一条长长的马尾辫，手腕上还裹着石膏模，他神采飞扬地谈到他的两位阿拉伯同学。“我最好的两个朋友，一个是穆斯林，另一个是基督徒，”他说，“这对我来说没什么关系，他们为人如何才是最重要的。”
这所实验性的混合学校在10年前创办，杰米从它创办开始就一直在这里读书，今年他已经八年级了。每个班里都有阿拉伯和犹太学生，男孩和女孩共同上课，穆斯林、基督教以及犹太教在这里交融。每个班分别有一位阿拉伯老师和一位犹太老师，他们都用自己的母语教学。学校本身也由两位校长共同掌管，一个阿拉伯人和一个犹太人。
学校的老师以及410名学生于2007年10月份搬进了斥资1100万美元新建成的教学楼。部分建楼资金来自已故英籍犹太裔慈善家雷恩男爵的赞助。这座肩负着特殊使命的钢筋混凝土建筑为孩子们提供了通风的课室，运动场、音乐厅和宽敞的走廊，体现着人们拓展愿景的最新尝试：在这个因宗教差异而导致人们敌对分裂的城市里，不同信仰的学生混合而成的学校也能发展起来。
要实现这一切绝非一件轻而易举的事。马克斯·雷恩学校位于犹太人聚居地Pat和阿拉伯人聚居地Beit Safafa之间，是耶路撒冷惟一一所巴以学生混合的学校。以色列其他地区还有三所这样的学校，都隶属于同一个名为“手牵手”的组织，该组织是十多年前巴以签署《奥斯陆和平协议》后，在初期的乐观情绪中成立的。
对于这所特别的学校，一直以来都有反对声音，尽管这种声音现正逐渐减弱。一方面，附近的居民担心学校会带来噪音，引致交通不便；另一方面，右翼犹太学者反对阿拉伯和犹太孩子共同上课。巴以冲突的核心在于耶路撒冷的分治，这座城市将何去何从，这个问题会在任何可能行得通的中东和平协议框架中占据重要地位。
杰米的母亲塔米·爱因斯坦是艺术治疗师，在东耶和西耶工作，自从学校成立以来，她就一直参与其中的事务。“我认为所有的学校都应该这样，”她说，“阿拉伯和犹太孩子坐在一起上课应该成为一件平常的事情。杰米和朋友们就像亲兄弟一样，现在我们这些家庭也成了非常亲密的朋友。这正是我们办学的初衷。”
杰米去年成年礼的请柬是用希伯来语和阿拉伯语印制的，为他朗诵的是他的阿拉伯朋友。“有些事情并不常见，或很难办到，但这并不代表那是不可行的，”她说，“总得有人来开头。”这个信念反映在学校的方方面面。昨天上午，一班兴奋的十多岁的小学生坐在课室里，两位老师在讲授阿拉伯课程。老师在他们前面的授课板上用希伯来文写下“shituf peula”，接着又在旁边写上阿拉伯语“ta’aoun”，它们都表示“合作”的意思。这两个词下面用希伯来语写着：“两人合作胜于一人单干”。
孩子们过穆斯林、基督教以及犹太教的所有节日，最近几个星期，大家还放假庆祝了犹太教的重要节日，以及穆斯林斋月后的开斋节。这三种宗教的教义，在这里都被教授和讨论。
其中一位老师名叫安吉·沃塔德，是一位来自以色列北部的阿拉伯穆斯林妇女。一个月前她开始戴头巾。在开始戴头巾前，她向学生们解释了她的行为。
“我告诉他们说，我更加坚定了自己的信仰。从外表看我是不同了，但我的内心并没有发生变化，”她说道，“但我没有告诉其他老师，他们有的人很吃惊。这所学校的可爱之处在于它能够接受不同族群的本色。”她现在是学校里戴穆斯林头巾的四位女教师之一，而学校的员工里也有严格遵从犹太教义的犹太人。课堂上，孩子们讨论这个地区的历史，包括1948年的战争——以色列人称之为独立战争，而巴勒斯坦人则视之为浩劫。
“我们教课时没有任何回避，也讨论有争议的话题，如果不能达成共识，我们也能接受，”“手牵手”混合教育计划的创始人之一阿米·卡拉弗说道，“但我们必须了解彼此。”孩子们承认，常常很难做到这一点。“有些问题非常尖锐，”13岁的犹太学生塔玛尔·博尔曼说，“有时候我们会争辩，有时候甚至会叫起来。但这些都没什么大不了的。如果我们不能正视这些问题，就永远找不到解决的方法。”
两位校长还远远没有实现全部抱负——现在学校的课程只是开到九年级，也就是孩子大概14岁的时候。他们仍在向政府申请，希望可以向较年长的孩子授课。
“新教学楼象征着公众开始对混合学校采取肯定和支持的态度，”犹太族以色列人佩列兹女士说，“这间混合学校正逐渐从心理层面上改变着人们的思维方式。”
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