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在江西进贤采用径流小区实验,以自然裸露为对照,研究分析果园、农地、草地、农果复合、草果复合等不同利用方式对水土流失的影响,筛选红壤侵蚀区缓坡地水保效益最佳的经营模式。结果表明:(1)与自然裸露相比,单独的果园、农地、草地模式地表径流降低幅度为24.22%～46.83%,农果和草果模式地表径流量分别减少43.7%和53.22%,差异显著(p<0.05);(2)与自然裸露相比,果园、农地、草地等经营模式土壤侵蚀量降低幅度为23.63%～78.30%,而农果和草果复合模式则降低了66.66%和76.06%(p<0.05);(3)地表径流和土壤侵蚀量与降雨量具有相关性,且同一雨强降雨量条件下,不同经营模式地表径流和土壤侵蚀量都不同;(4)农果、草果复合模式能有效减轻红壤坡耕地水土流失,是红壤侵蚀区合适的土地经营模式,建议积极推广。
In Jinxian County of Jiangxi Province, the experiment of runoff plot was used to compare the effects of different ways of utilization such as orchards, farmland, grassland, agroforestry and grass-fruit compound on soil erosion by using natural bare as a control. The benefits of soil and water conservation on gentle slope in red soil erosion area were screened out The best business model. The results showed that: (1) Compared with natural nudity, the runoff reduction of individual orchard, farmland and grassland model was 24.22% ~ 46.83%, and the surface runoff of farmland and strawberry was reduced by 43.7% and 53.22% (P <0.05). (2) Compared with natural nudity, the soil erosion amount decreased by 23.63% -78.30% in the orchard, farmland and grassland, but decreased by 66.66% And 76.06%, respectively (p <0.05). (3) Surface runoff and soil erosion were correlated with rainfall, and under the same rainfall intensity, the surface runoff and soil erosion were different in different management modes. (4) Fruit and fruit-fruit compound model can effectively reduce soil erosion on sloping arable land of red soil, which is a suitable land management model in the red soil erosion area. It is suggested to promote it actively.