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目的探讨急诊监护室的疾病谱、季节、时间、年龄及死亡原因分布等流行病学特点。方法回顾性分析2013—2014年广州医科大学附属第二医院急诊监护室的1 320名病人的诊疗资料,对患者的性别、年龄、就诊时间、急诊诊断、去向等进行调查统计分析。结果就诊患者中男性749例,女性571例,男女比例为1.31∶1,年龄(70.48±17.20)岁。高发年龄组为61~85岁,1、3、5月为就诊高峰月份,前3位疾病是呼吸系统疾病(28.7%)、循环系统疾病(24.7%)、神经系统疾病(21.2%);入院率56.2%;死亡患者中以神经系统疾病病死率最高,为27.50%,其次为呼吸系统疾病(23.75%)、泌尿系统疾病(15.00%)。结论广州地区急诊监护室患者主要为老年呼吸系统、循环系统及神经系统疾病,应合理地进行急诊资源配置,提高抢救成功率。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of the emergency department’s disease spectrum, season, time, age and causes of death. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 1,320 patients admitted to the emergency room of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University during 2013-2014. The gender, age, visiting time, emergency diagnosis and whereabouts were analyzed retrospectively. Results There were 749 males and 571 females, the ratio of male to female was 1.31:1 and the age was (70.48 ± 17.20) years old. The high incidence age group was 61-85 years old. The first, third, and fifth months were respiratory diseases (28.7%), circulatory diseases (24.7%) and nervous system diseases (21.2% The rate of death was the highest (27.50%), followed by respiratory diseases (23.75%) and urinary diseases (15.00%). Conclusions Patients in emergency department of Guangzhou area are mainly elderly patients with respiratory system, circulatory system and nervous system diseases. Emergency resource allocation should be conducted rationally to improve the success rate of rescue.