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本文在例示性介绍象似性理论的基础上,分析中文语法学术语所体现的象似性——主要是语序象似性。指出,那些用两个成分名的并列来表示某种句法结构和关系的术语,如主谓、动宾、偏正、数量、定中、状中、述补、因果等等各组术语,绝大部分都符合这两个成分在汉语中出现的语序,是象似性在科学语言上的显著体现,这些术语用于汉语语法研究也非常贴切。然后文章用跨语言事实说明这些概念所反映的句法结构在汉语以外语言中并不必然呈现汉语那样的语序。由于用中文描写介绍研究这些语言时也要使用这些语法学术语,因此中文语法术语上的象似性有时反成为术语的科学性或可接受性的负面因素。最后本文探讨了针对这种弊端可以采取的应对策略。
Based on the introduction of iconicity theory, this paper analyzes the iconicity embodied in Chinese grammatical terms - mainly the word order iconicity. It is pointed out that those terms that use a combination of two component names to represent a certain syntactic structure and relationship, such as verb-verb, verb-object, modal, quantitative, medium, medium, complement, causal, Most of them are in line with the order in which these two components appear in Chinese. They are the significant manifestation of iconicity in the scientific language. These terms are also very suitable for the study of Chinese grammar. The article then uses cross-lingual facts to show that the syntactic structures reflected by these concepts do not necessarily present the Chinese language order in languages other than Chinese. Since these grammatical terms are also used in the study of these languages when introduced in Chinese description, the iconicity of Chinese grammatical terms can sometimes be counterproductive to the scientific or acceptability of the terms. Finally, this article explores the countermeasures that can be taken to address these drawbacks.