心包积液误诊为其他疾病或对其病因误诊者均不少见。本院收治并被确诊之10例中,5例入院时误诊。1.由于对心包积液的临床及X线特点认识不足,未能全面分析,以致2例分别误诊为疟疾、充血型心肌病(最终确诊为结核性心包炎、肺癌心包转移);2.对病因诊断以常见病因可能性大为满足,未深入追询病史及认真体查,致1例肺吸虫性心包炎和1例肺癌心包转移被误诊为结核性心包 Pericardial effusion misdiagnosed as other diseases or misdiagnosis of their causes are not uncommon. Of the 10 patients admitted and diagnosed in our hospital, 5 were misdiagnosed on admission. 1. Due to lack of understanding of the clinical and X-ray features of pericardial effusion, two cases were misdiagnosed as malaria and congestive cardiomyopathy (finally diagnosed as tuberculous pericarditis and pericardial metastasis of lung cancer); 2 Etiological diagnosis of a common cause of the possibility of much satisfaction, not in-depth medical history and careful investigation, resulting in 1 cases of paragonimous pericarditis and 1 case of lung cancer was misdiagnosed as pericardial tuberculosis pericardium