病毒的危害及利用病毒的分布极为广泛,几乎可以感染所有的生物,包括各类微生物、植物、昆虫、鱼类、禽类、哺乳动物和人类。绝大多数种子植物均能被病毒感染而发生病毒病,例如水稻黄矮病,番茄丛矮病,马铃薯退化病,玉米、油菜和苹果的锈病等。病毒在哺乳动物中也普遍存在,大多数家畜均有 The harm and use of viruses The distribution of viruses is extremely widespread and can infect virtually all organisms, including all types of microorganisms, plants, insects, fish, birds, mammals and humans. Most of the seed plants can be infected by the virus and cause viral diseases, such as rice yellow dwarf disease, tomato bush dwarf disease, potato degenerative disease, corn, rape and apple rust. Viruses are also common in mammals and most livestock have