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为了筛选出黑龙港地区不同类型冬小麦品种适宜的施氮方式,以该生态区大面积推广的3个不同类型冬小麦品种邯6172(粒重侧重型)、河农6049(粒数侧重型)和衡4399(穗数侧重型)为试材,在氮肥施用量均为270 kg/hm~2条件下,试验设氮肥底施与追施比例(底追比)3∶7、5∶5和7∶3计3个水平,研究了3种施氮方式对不同类型冬小麦的产量及水分利用率的影响。结果表明:氮肥使用比例以及品种类型均与小麦产量和水分利用率高度相关,穗数侧重型品种衡4399宜采用底追比3∶7的施氮方式,平均产量为7 181.54 kg/hm~2,水分利用率为22.26 kg/(hm~2·mm);粒重侧重型品种邯6172和粒数侧重型品种河农6049宜采用底追比5∶5的施氮方式,平均产量分别为7 176.23和7 166.05 kg/hm~2,水分利用率分别为22.05和22.00 kg/(hm~2·mm)。
In order to select appropriate nitrogen application methods for different types of winter wheat varieties in Heilonggang, three different types of winter wheat cultivars Han 6172 (heavy grain type), HeNan 6049 (grain number heavy type) 4399 (panicle side heavier) were used as test materials. Under the nitrogen application rate of 270 kg / hm ~ 2, the ratio of bottom fertilization to topdressing was 3: 7, 5: 5 and 7: 3 three levels, the effects of three nitrogen application methods on yield and water use efficiency of different types of winter wheat were studied. The results showed that both the proportion of nitrogen application and the type of nitrogen fertilizer were highly correlated with the yield and water use efficiency of wheat. The average nitrogen yield was 7 181.54 kg / hm 2 , And the water use efficiency was 22.26 kg / (hm ~ 2 · mm). The heavy grain variety Han 6172 and the grain number heavier variety HeNan 6049 should adopt the nitrogen application rate of 5: 5, with the average yield of 7 176.23 and 7 166.05 kg / hm ~ 2, respectively. The water use efficiency was 22.05 and 22.00 kg / (hm ~ 2 · mm), respectively.