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目的分析<15岁麻疹病例的临床和流行病学特征,为进一步控制麻疹提供依据。方法对39例麻疹抗体阳性病例调查表进行分析。结果39例中,具有典型麻疹病例临床特征的仅占23.08%(9例);有2名小于8个月的婴儿麻疹病例;病例主要集中在5~9岁和10~45岁,分别占总病例数的43.59%和25.64%;79.49%(31例)的病例无免疫接种史和免疫史不详;发病有明显的季节性,高峰在3~6月份。结论由于麻疹疫苗的广泛接种,具有典型临床特征的麻疹病例减少;麻疹疫苗复种的覆盖率低、免疫空白的存在是学龄前儿童和在校中、小学生麻疹发病多的主要原因。
Objective To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of measles cases <15 years old and provide evidence for further control of measles. Methods 39 cases of measles antibody positive cases questionnaire were analyzed. Results Of the 39 cases, only 23.08% (9 cases) had the clinical features of typical measles cases; 2 cases of measles infants less than 8 months old; the cases mainly concentrated in 5-9 years old and 10-45 years old, accounting for 43.59% and 25.64% of the cases; 79.49% (31 cases) of cases without immunization history and history of immunization is unknown; the incidence of a clear seasonal peak in March to June. Conclusion Due to the extensive vaccination of measles vaccine, measles cases with typical clinical features are reduced. The coverage of multiple vaccination with measles vaccine is low. Immunization blank is the main reason for the high incidence of measles in preschool children and primary and secondary school students.