美国内战前期，北部联邦在军事上连遭失利，国内史学界的传统观点一直认为，其根源在于林肯政府不肯采取解决奴隶的措施。笔者认为，北军前期的失利与不解放奴隶没有必然的因果关系。它一方面是因各种客观历史条件的制约，另一方面也同联邦政府某些方面的主观努力不足有关。 In the early days of the American Civil War, the northern federation was militarily defeated. The traditional viewpoints of the domestic historians and scholars always believed that the root cause was the unwillingness of the Lincoln government to take measures to solve the slavery. In my opinion, there is no necessary causal link between the defeat of the Northern Front and the liberation of slaves. On the one hand, it is constrained by various objective historical conditions and, on the other, it is also related to subjective efforts of certain aspects of the federal government.