目的分析新生儿下呼吸道革兰阴性杆菌的感染情况、耐药性分析以及相关的治疗措施,为后续的临床治疗提供参考。方法 150例新生儿气管插管下取痰液进行培养,根据具体情况给予药物治疗,观察治疗效果。结果 150例患儿共取230份标本,201份为阳性,阳性率为87.4%;201份阳性标本中有17份同时培养出两种株菌,共检出病原菌218株,而革兰阴性杆菌201株,占检出病原菌的92.2%;主要的病菌为醋酸不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌以及肺炎克雷伯杆菌,菌株对环丙沙星和泰能最为敏感;死亡9例,有7例年龄较大的患儿,应用环丙沙星,在用药5~7 d后均全部控制良好而出院,其他经过治疗后全部得到控制并且顺利出院。结论革兰阴性杆菌是新生儿下呼吸道感染的重要病原菌,并且具有较高的耐药性,因此要积极给予治疗保证患儿健康。 Objective To analyze the infection, drug resistance and related treatment of Gram-negative bacilli in the lower respiratory tract of neonates, and provide references for the follow-up clinical treatment. Methods 150 cases of newborn under sputum intubation take culture, according to the specific circumstances given drug treatment to observe the therapeutic effect. Results A total of 230 samples were obtained from 150 children, 201 were positive, the positive rate was 87.4%; of the 201 positive samples, 17 out of 218 strains of pathogens were also cultivated, while the gram-negative bacilli 201 strains, accounting for 92.2% of the detected pathogens; the main pathogens were Acinetobacter aceti, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The strains were the most sensitive to ciprofloxacin and tiene. Nine died and 7 Cases of older children, the application of ciprofloxacin, 5 to 7 days after treatment were all well controlled and discharged, all other after treatment were all controlled and discharged smoothly. Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli are important pathogenic bacteria in neonatal lower respiratory tract infection and have high drug resistance. Therefore, we should give positive treatment to ensure the health of children.