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湖北省大冶市蟹子地遗址地处长江以南鄂东南丘陵地带的山间小盆地,其文化堆积大致可分为新石器时期和西周早期,新石器时期的遗存又分为一期和二期,一期相当于石家河文化时期(4500~4200aB.P.),二期相当于后石家河文化时期(4200~3900aB.P.),西周遗存的年代主要是西周早期(3000~2900aB.P.),其整体面貌与鄂东南地区西周时期典型的土著遗存风格非常一致。2009年5月至9月,在发掘遗址的同时进行了土样的采集和浮选,发现了一批新石器时代末期和西周时期的炭化植物遗存。此次浮选共计采集样品22份,共发现了14611粒炭化植物遗存,包括大量的稻米(Oryza sativa)、少量的粟(Setaria italica)和极少量的杂草(weeds),此外还有少量的炭化稻谷基盘(rice spikelet base)。浮选结果显示,蟹子地遗址在新石器时代末期和西周时期均以稻作农业经济为主,西周时期有对粟进行利用。另外,该遗址新石器时代二期一处房址(T1831F1)集中出土了一批形态偏小的炭化稻米,这可能属于另外一个稻种。蟹子地遗址是鄂东地区,以及湖北长江以南地区首个进行浮选并进行植物遗存研究的遗址,该研究结果为该地区新石器时代晚期和西周时期的植物利用历史提供了新的数据。
The site of crab in Daye City, Hubei Province, is located in the mountainous small basin in southeastern Hubei Province, south of the Yangtze River. Its cultural accumulation can be roughly divided into the Neolithic period and the early Western Zhou Dynasty. The relics of the Neolithic period are divided into one and two Period, a period equivalent to the Shijiahe cultural period (4500 ~ 4200aB.P.), Two is equivalent to the Shijiahe cultural period (4200 ~ 3900aB.P.), The Western Zhou Dynasty remains mainly in the early Western Zhou Dynasty (3000 ~ 2900aB.P.), Its overall appearance is similar to that of the typical indigenous relics of the Western Zhou Dynasty in southeastern Hubei. From May to September 2009, soil samples were collected and flotation sites were excavated while a number of remains of carbonized plants in the late Neolithic and Western Zhou Dynasty were discovered. A total of 22 samples were collected during the flotation. A total of 14,611 carbonized plant remains were found, including a large amount of Oryza sativa, a small amount of Setaria italica and a very small amount of weeds, Carbonized rice spikelet base. Flotation results show that the crabs sites in the Neolithic and Western Zhou Dynasty rice farming are mainly agricultural economy, Western Zhou Dynasty millet use. In addition, a number of small-sized carbonized rice were unearthed centrally in one site of the Neolithic site (T1831F1), which may belong to another rice species. The site of the crabs is the site of the eastern part of Hubei Province and the first site to be flotation and plant remains in the area south of the Yangtze River in Hubei Province. The results of this study provide new data for the history of plant utilization in the late Neolithic and Western Zhou dynasties .