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目的了解大连市2013年国营和私营医疗机构的放射防护现状,为卫生行政部门放射卫生管理提供依据。方法按照国家相关法规、标准对医用诊断X射线放射防护规定的内容、工作场所的辐射水平以及放射工作人员个人剂量监测与防护等情况进行调查。结果 X射线机的主要防护性能合格率:国营为97.4%,私营为85.7%。机房X射线泄露辐射水平大于本底辐射水平:国营为3.5%,私营为9.5%;近1年的放射工作人员个人剂量监测结果:15 m Sv:国营为86.9%,私营为82.9%;25~15 m Sv:国营为13.1%,私营为9.8%;315~20 m Sv:国营为0,私营为4.9%;4>20 m Sv:国营为0,私营为2.4%。培训率和持证率:国营为100%,私营为95%。职业健康体检率:国营为100%,私营为91.3%。建档率:国营为100%,私营为97.5%。个人剂量监测率:国营为100%,私营为97.5%。个人防护用品配置率:国营为100%,私营为93.8%。个人防护用品的使用率:“经常使用”:国营为48.2%,私营为10.4%,“偶尔使用”:国营为41.2%,私营为46.9%;“从不使用”:国营为4.6%、私营为42.7%。结论该市国营和私营医疗机构的放射防护状况总体上比较好,但私营医疗机构相对较差一些,相关行政管理部门应加强对私营医疗机构的监督管理。
Objective To understand the status quo of radiation protection in state-owned and private medical institutions in Dalian in 2013, and provide the basis for radiation health management in health administrative departments. Methods According to the relevant national laws and regulations, the content of the provisions of medical diagnostic X-ray radiological protection, the radiation level in the workplace and the personal dose monitoring and protection of radiation workers were investigated. Results X-ray machine’s main protective performance pass rate: 97.4% of state-owned, private-owned 85.7%. X-ray radiation level of the engine room is greater than the background radiation level: state-owned 3.5%, private 9.5%; personal dose monitoring of radiation workers in recent years: 15 m Sv: state-owned 86.9%, privately owned 82.9% 15 m Sv: State-owned 13.1%, Private 9.8%; 315-20 m Sv: State-owned 0, private 4.9%; 4> 20 m Sv: State-owned 0 and private 2.4%. Training rates and certificates: 100% state-owned and 95% privately owned. Occupational health examination rate: state-owned 100%, private 91.3%. File rate: state-owned 100%, privately owned 97.5%. Personal dose monitoring rate: 100% state-owned, private-owned 97.5%. Personal protective equipment allocation rate: 100% state-owned, private 93.8%. Personal protective equipment usage: “Frequently used ”: state-owned 48.2%, private 10.4% “Occasional use ”: state-owned 41.2%, privately owned 46.9%; “Never use ”: 4.6% and private sector 42.7%. Conclusion The overall status of radioactive protection of the state-owned and private medical institutions in the city is relatively good. However, the private-owned medical institutions are relatively poor, and relevant administrative departments should strengthen the supervision and administration of private medical institutions.