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目的了解江苏省苏州市近年麻疹发病的流行病学特征。方法采用Excel2003软件对2006-2008年国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统和中国免疫规划监测信息管理系统报告的麻疹病例进行分析。结果2006-2008年,苏州市共报告麻疹病例5134例,年平均发病率为15.17/10万;麻疹发病高峰为每年3-5月。6岁及以下儿童及16～50岁人群是麻疹发病主要人群。8月龄以下儿童发病数占发病总数的11.24%。≥8月龄病例中无免疫史者占88.32%,免疫史不详者占2.31%,≥16岁病例中96.13%无免疫史。各年度流动人口麻疹发病率高于常住人口。结论苏州市麻疹发病呈逐年上升趋势,免疫空白是麻疹发病的重要原因。麻疹发病呈现低龄儿童和成年人两个高峰。应进一步提高麻疹疫苗常规免疫接种率和及时率,采取措施控制流动人口和成年人发病。提倡育龄期女性接种麻疹疫苗,以减少8月龄以下儿童发病。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Jiangsu Province in recent years. Methods Excel2003 software was used to analyze the measles cases reported by the National Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System and China Immunization Program Monitoring Information Management System from 2006 to 2008. Results From 2006 to 2008, a total of 5134 cases of measles were reported in Suzhou, with an average annual incidence of 15.17 / 100 000; the peak incidence of measles was March to May each year. Children aged 6 and below and people aged 16 to 50 are the major population of measles. The number of children under 8 months of age accounted for 11.24% of the total incidence. There was 88.32% of patients with no history of infection at ≥ 8 months of age, 2.31% of patients with unknown history of immunization, and 96.13% of those with no history of immunity at 16 years of age. The incidence of measles in floating population in each year is higher than that of resident population. Conclusion The incidence of measles in Suzhou City is increasing year by year. Immunity blank is an important cause of measles. The incidence of measles shows two peaks for young children and adults. The conventional immunization rate and timely rate of measles vaccine should be further raised and measures should be taken to control the morbidity of migrants and adults. Promote women of childbearing age vaccination against measles to reduce the incidence of children under the age of eight months.