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横纹肌肉瘤是18岁以下儿童和青少年最常见的软组织恶性肿瘤,约占全部儿童恶性肿瘤的4%,软组织肉瘤的50%,5年生存率已经从10%以下提高到70%左右。化疗、手术、放疗的综合治疗模式已经确立。最终获得广泛切除即镜下无肿瘤和无肉眼残留是外科治疗的最终目的,由于间室切除术及截肢术对儿童病例的生存率无明显提高,但致残率较高,明显降低患儿的生存质量,因此目前广泛切除是主要的治疗方式。对于儿童来说,功能的保留似乎更加重要,因此近年来由于化疗水平的提高,手术趋于保守。本文回顾了原发于头颈部、躯干、四肢、泌尿生殖系统等不同部位肿瘤的手术方式。
Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common malignant tumor of soft tissue in children and adolescents under 18 years of age, accounting for about 4% of all childhood malignancies and 50% of soft tissue sarcomas. The 5-year survival rate has been raised from below 10% to about 70%. Chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy integrated treatment model has been established. The ultimate goal of extensive surgical resection is the ultimate goal of surgical treatment with extensive resection, ie microscopic tumor-free and no-macroscopic lesions. Since the survival rate of children undergoing resection and amputation is not significantly improved, the rate of disability is significantly higher The quality of life, so the current extensive excision is the main treatment. For children, functional retention seems to be more important, so surgery has tended to be conservative in recent years as chemotherapy levels have increased. This article reviews the primary surgical methods of tumors in different parts of the head and neck, trunk, limbs, genitourinary system.