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目的为了解无偿献血者对艾滋病知识掌握情况,以期对这一人群进行艾滋病健康教育提供科学依据,保证血液安全。方法于2012年6—12月对来血站献血的无偿献血者进行匿名调查问卷,调查内容包括基本人口学特征、艾滋病相关知识等,采用SPSS12.0进行统计描述。结果共调查无偿献血者3 358人,年龄在18~55岁,艾滋病主要经血液、性、母婴传播的正确率分别为86.5%(2 904/3 358)、80.2%(2 699/3 358)和50.6%(1 699/3 358);对用安全套预防艾滋病传播回答正确率达74.7%(2 508/3 358);对艾滋病只能预防不能治愈的认识正确率达到93.2%(3 129/3 358);而2次及以上献血者对艾滋病的相关知识了解最高的一项达到93.5%(2 305/2 466);献血者艾滋病知识主要来源是献血宣传材料、报纸杂志和广播电视,分别为43.6%(5 856/13 432)、28.1%(3 774/13 432)、22.7%(3 049/13 432)。结论对无偿献血者进行艾滋病相关知识的普及,可有效预防艾滋病在无偿献血人群中传播。
Objective To understand the knowledge of AIDS in unpaid blood donors, in order to provide a scientific basis for this population for AIDS health education, to ensure blood safety. Methods From June to December in 2012, anonymous questionnaires were collected from unpaid blood donors who donated blood from blood donation stations. The survey included basic demographic characteristics and HIV / AIDS related knowledge, and was statistically analyzed by SPSS12.0. Results A total of 3 358 volunteer blood donors were surveyed, ranging in age from 18 to 55 years. The correct rates of major blood, sexual and mother-to-child transmission of AIDS were 86.5% (2 904/3 358) and 80.2% (2 699/3 358, respectively) ) And 50.6% (1 699/3 358) respectively. The correct rate of responding to HIV / AIDS prevention using condoms was 74.7% (2 508/3 358); the awareness rate of HIV / AIDS prevention incurability was 93.2% (3 129 / 3 358). The highest knowledge of HIV / AIDS among blood donors 2 and above reached 93.5% (2 305/2 466). Blood donors’ AIDS knowledge mainly came from blood donation materials, newspapers, magazines and radio and television Were 43.6% (5 856/13 432), 28.1% (3 774/13 432), 22.7% (3 049/13 432). Conclusion The popularization of HIV / AIDS-related knowledge for unpaid blood donors can effectively prevent the spread of AIDS among people who are blood donors.