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文学是对人的生存状态进行审美观照的产物,它表现人的种种情感和思想,研究人的灵魂。杰出的文学作品可以清晰地向我们揭示出某一特定地域在某一特定时期人们内心的真实情况,甚至是对一种永恒的秩序或普遍的人类状况的揭示。古希腊的神话传说及其衍生的悲剧表现了古希腊人对人生的理解与思考,其中蕴含着初始文明的精神、心理、情感和文化的内容。尤其是悲剧作品,把探索的触角指向伦理的终端,考查个体存在的意义,追问人性的状况。欧里庇得斯的《美狄亚》就是其中的代表。作品以人与人之间的矛盾冲突的或然性来代替命运的必然性,人物的遭遇和精神世界的抉择表现得十分鲜明,使得作品的命运观念被淡化,人性问题也随之凸显。
Literature is the product of aesthetic contemplation of human existence, which shows the human emotions and thoughts and studies the soul of human beings. Outstanding literary works can clearly reveal to us the true situation of people’s hearts in a particular geographical area in a particular period, even revealing an eternal order or universal human condition. The ancient Greek myths and legends and their derivative tragedies show the understanding and thinking of ancient Greeks about life, which contains the spirit, psychology, emotion and culture of the initial civilization. Especially tragedy works, pointing the tentacles of exploration to the terminal of ethics, examining the meanings of individual existence and questioning the status of human nature. One of the representatives of Euripides’s “Medea”. The inevitability of the works replacing the destiny with the possibility of conflicts and conflicts between people and the choice of the characters and the spiritual world is very clear, making the concept of the fate of the works desalinated and the issue of human nature highlighted.