《普通高中历史课程标准》明确提出:历史课程应“进一步培养和提高学生的历史意识、文化素质和人文素养”。关于历史意识之内涵,学者也各有论述。我们试从历史意识的原则出发,谈谈相关的思考。英国历史学家约翰·托什提出三原则:“我们所处的时代与历史存在巨大的鸿沟,不能假设历史上的人物具有现代人一样的思想与行动;背景是历史意识的第二要素,研究历史不能脱离它的时代背景;承认历史的过程存在,历史事件随着时间的 The ”General History of High School Curriculum Standards“ clearly states: The history curriculum should ”further develop and enhance the students’ historical awareness, cultural qualities and humanistic accomplishments.“ On the connotation of the history of consciousness, scholars also have their own discussion. Let us proceed from the principle of historical consciousness and talk about relevant thinking. British historian John Tosh put forward three principles: ”There is a huge gap between the times and the history in which we live. We can not assume that the historical figures have the same thoughts and actions as the modern ones. The background is the second element of historical consciousness, The study of history can not be divorced from its background of the times; the process of acknowledging the existence of history, the historical events over time