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地铁施工过程中一旦发生事故,会带来严重的经济损失和人员伤亡,而对地铁项目的风险评估和有针对性的预防措施能有效提高施工过程中的抗风险能力。文章以质量功能展开(QFD)为分析工具进行地铁风险评估,通过构建二阶质量屋模型来表达分析对象之间的影响关系,并采用相对具有区域规律性的事故类型的相对风险权重作为输入以及以非归一化处理的方式解决了输入点改变带来的不同作业活动下事故类型的权重求和问题,以获得作业活动和风险因素的相对风险权重。最后将理论应用于钻眼爆破开挖作业下的事故类型与风险因素风险分析,计算结果与实际分析相符。
Subway construction in the event of an accident, will bring serious economic losses and casualties, while the subway project risk assessment and targeted preventive measures can effectively improve the construction process of anti-risk ability. This paper uses Subway Quality Assessment (QFD) as a tool to evaluate subway risks, constructs second-order mass housing model to express the influence of the analysis objects and uses relative risk weight of accident type with regional regularity as input and The method of non-normalization solves the weight summation problem of accident types under different work activities caused by the change of input points so as to obtain the relative risk weight of work activities and risk factors. Finally, the theory is applied to the risk analysis of accident types and risk factors under drilling and blasting excavation. The calculation results are in line with the actual analysis.