目的调查内蒙古某驻地官兵呼吸道过敏性疾病的患病率,明确该地官兵常见致敏变应原及相关危险因素。方法对内蒙古某驻地官兵500人展开问卷普查,第一部分集中进行现场问卷,对呼吸道过敏性疾病的患病率和相关危险因素进行调查。第二部分筛选出具有过敏高风险且确诊变应性鼻炎的官兵,并对其进行23个标准化变应原皮肤点刺试验。结果 (1)驻地官兵215例(46.8%)曾出现AR症状,101例(22%)曾出现喘息、胸闷、气短或咳嗽的哮喘症状。(2)季节(OR=6.692)、灰尘(OR=3.912)是AR的危险因素,年龄(χ~2=45.73,P<0.05)、花粉(χ~2=60.947,P<0.0 1)、刺激性气体(χ~2=2 1.6 3 6,P<0.0 1)、感冒(χ~2=40.821,P<0.01)、冷空气(χ~2=24.659,P<0.01)、气候变化(χ~2=31.677,P<0.01)等与A R发生密切相关。(3)家族史(OR=5.861)、灰尘(OR=2.654)及居住年限(OR=1.076)是哮喘症状的危险因素,季节(χ~2=23.796,P<0.0 1)、花粉(χ~2=1 3.9 0 1,P<0.0 1)、刺激性气体(χ~2=10.388,P<0.01)、感冒(χ~2=5.077,P<0.05)、冷空气(χ~2=18.296,P<0.01)、气候变化(χ~2=14.203,P<0.01)等与哮喘症状发生相关。(4)对67名官兵进行皮肤点刺试验,发现该驻地常见变应原为大籽蒿(69.7%)、黄花蒿(62.1%)、向日葵(46.9%)等。其中有90%(52/58)患者同时对2种或2种以上变应原过敏。结论 (1)内蒙古驻地官兵A R患病率为46.8%,显著高于文献报道。(2)季节、灰尘是AR的危险因素,家族史、灰尘及居住年限是哮喘症状的危险因素。(3)内蒙古驻地常见变应原以蒿类、!草、豚草为主,蒿类花粉阳性等级最高。内蒙古驻地鼻炎官兵多数官兵同时对2种及2种以上变应原过敏。 Objective To investigate the prevalence of respiratory allergic diseases among officers and soldiers of a station in Inner Mongolia and to identify the common allergens and related risk factors of officers and soldiers there. Methods A survey of 500 officers and soldiers of a station in Inner Mongolia was carried out. The first part focused on on-site questionnaires to investigate the prevalence of respiratory allergic diseases and related risk factors. The second part of the screening of officers and soldiers with a high risk of allergic rhinitis and confirmed diagnosis, and its 23 standardized allergens skin prick test. Results (1) Resident officers and soldiers had AR symptoms in 215 patients (46.8%) and asthma symptoms of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, or cough in 101 patients (22%). (2) Seasonal (OR = 6.692) and dust (OR = 3.912) were the risk factors of AR. The age (χ ~ 2 = 45.73, P < (Χ ~ 2 = 24.659, P <0.01), cold (χ ~ 2 = 40.821, P <0.01) 2 = 31.677, P <0.01) were closely related to the occurrence of AR. Family history (OR = 5.861), dust (OR = 2.654) and length of stay (OR = 1.076) were the risk factors of asthma. (Χ ~ 2 = 5.077, P <0.05), cold air (χ ~ 2 = 18.296, P <0.01) P <0.01). Climate change (χ ~ 2 = 14.203, P <0.01) was associated with asthma symptoms. (4) Prickle skin prick tests were conducted on 67 officers and soldiers. The common allergens found in this station were A. dahurica (69.7%), Artemisia annua (62.1%) and sunflower (46.9%). Of these, 90% (52/58) of patients were allergic to two or more allergens at the same time. Conclusion (1) The prevalence of A R in officers and soldiers in Inner Mongolia was 46.8%, which was significantly higher than that reported in the literature. (2) In seasons, dust is a risk factor for AR, and family history, dust and length of living are risk factors for asthma symptoms. (3) The common allergens of resident in Inner Mongolia are Artemisia annua, Grass and Ragweed, and the highest positive rate of Artemisia pollen. Most officers and men of the Rhinitis resident in Inner Mongolia are allergic to two or more allergens at the same time.