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目的:了解10年间全国驻军医院收治的妊娠期贫血患者的患病情况及其相关因素。方法:收集中国人民解放军总后勤部信息技术中心病例查询系统2000年10月—2011年9月收治的妊娠期贫血患者的临床资料26339例,其中确诊为妊娠期贫血患者共7986例。分析不同年龄结构、孕期的贫血类型构成情况。结果:轻、中、重度贫血在妊娠期贫血中分别占56.17%、43.70%和0.13%。31~40岁孕妇贫血患病率高于21~25和26~30岁年龄组,前者中度贫血比例较高,后2组以轻度贫血为主。孕妇妊娠期贫血患病率在2001—2006年度呈逐年增加,2006—2009年度维持在较高水平,2009年度以后开始下降。孕晚期贫血患病率明显高于孕早期和孕中期;孕早期和孕中期以中度贫血为主,而孕晚期以轻度贫血为主;各期均以缺铁性贫血为主。结论:应加强孕期营养与饮食知识的培训,从孕中期开始常规补充多种维生素和微量元素特别是铁剂,以预防和减少贫血的发生。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the prevalence and related factors of gestational anemia patients admitted to the National Garrison Hospital over the past 10 years. Methods: 26339 cases of clinical data of patients with anemia of pregnancy during October 2000 to September 2011 were collected from case center of Information Technology Center of General Logistics Department of Chinese PLA General Hospital. A total of 7986 patients were diagnosed as anemia during pregnancy. Analysis of different age structures, anemia during pregnancy constitute the situation. Results: Light, moderate and severe anemia accounted for 56.17%, 43.70% and 0.13% respectively during pregnancy anemia. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women aged 31-40 was higher than that in 21-25 and 26-30 years old group, the former had a higher proportion of moderate anemia and the latter two groups were mainly mild anemia. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women during pregnancy increased year by year in 2001-2006, maintained at a high level in 2006-2009, and began to decline after 2009. The prevalence of anemia in late pregnancy was significantly higher than that in first trimester and second trimester; moderate anemia in early trimester and second trimester, mild anemia in late trimester; Conclusion: The training of nutrition and diet knowledge during pregnancy should be strengthened. From the second trimester of pregnancy, various vitamins and trace elements, especially iron, should be routinely supplemented to prevent and reduce the occurrence of anemia.