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盆栽试验的结果表明:后期干旱明显降低冬小麦叶片光合速率和蒸腾速率,并导致保护酶活性下降,MDA累积,叶片衰老加速,硝酸还原酶活性下降,干物质生产受到显著影响。但中度干旱会提高籽粒中酸性转化酶、蔗糖合成酶、碱性转化酶的活性,有利于同化物向籽粒库转运分配;而严重干旱会降低籽粒的代谢活性,不利于同化物向籽粒库转运分配。后期中度干旱对穗粒数、千粒重无影响,对籽粒产量的影响较小,提高了收获指数和水分利用效率。严重干旱显著降低了株高、有效穗数、穗粒数和千粒重,显著降低了产量;同时收获指数和水分利用效率也降低。
The results of pot experiment showed that the late drought significantly decreased the photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of winter wheat and led to the decrease of protective enzyme activity, MDA accumulation, leaf senescence accelerated, nitrate reductase activity decreased and dry matter production significantly affected. However, moderate drought could increase the activities of acid invertase, sucrose synthase and alkaline invertase in the grain, which was beneficial to the transport and assimilation of assimilates to the grain bank. Severe drought would reduce the metabolic activity of grain and was not conducive to the assimilation of assimilates to the grain bank Transfer distribution. Moderate drought in the late stage had no effect on the number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight, but had little effect on grain yield, and increased the harvest index and water use efficiency. Severe drought significantly reduced plant height, panicle number, grains per spike and 1000-grain weight, significantly reduced the yield; at the same time, the harvest index and water use efficiency also decreased.