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以4年生盆栽沾化冬枣树为试材,研究其对萌芽前土施15N-尿素的吸收、分配和利用特性。结果表明:沾化冬枣萌芽前施15N-尿素,根系吸收15N肥后优先分配到贮藏器官(包括主干、多年生枝和粗根)中,然后外运用于植株新生器官(包括枣吊及其叶片、新生营养枝、细根和果实)建造,与贮藏氮利用特性相似;果实采收后,树体内的15N开始向贮藏器官回流。萌芽前施的15N-尿素根系吸收后,15N在树体内的运转分配主要随生长中心的转移而转移。幼叶期解析时,15N在贮藏器官粗根和主干木质部中的分配势(Ndff%)最强;盛花期解析时,15N在枣吊叶片(包括花)中的分配势最强;果实速长期解析时,15N在果实中的分配势最强;果实采收后解析时,15N在根系中的分配势最强。随着冬枣生长发育,植株对15N-尿素的吸收利用率逐渐上升,在果实速长期时达到最高,采果后略有下降。
Taking 4-year potted Zhanhuadong jujube as test material, the absorption, distribution and utilization of 15N-urea in soil before germination were studied. The results showed that: 15N-urea was applied before the budding of Zhanhua jujube and 15N urea was absorbed by the root, which was preferentially distributed to the storage organs (including trunk, perennial and coarse roots), and then used to plant new organs (including jujube and its leaves, New vegetative shoots, fine roots and fruits), similar to the characteristics of stored nitrogen; after the fruit was harvested, 15N in the tree began to flow back to the storage organ. After 15N-urea root absorption before germination, the distribution of 15N in the tree mainly shifted with the growth center. When young leaves were analyzed, 15N had the strongest distribution ability (Ndff%) in the coarse roots and trunk xylem of storage organs. When analyzed in full bloom, 15N had the highest partitioning potential among jujube leaves (including flowers) When analyzed, the distribution of 15N was the strongest in the fruit. When the fruit was harvested and analyzed, the distribution of 15N was the strongest among the roots. With the jujube growth and development, plant uptake and utilization of 15N-urea gradually increased, reached the highest in the fruit long-term, slightly decreased after picking fruit.