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针对航空燃料燃烧时会在航空发动机喷嘴处产生大量结焦积碳,影响航空飞行器的飞行安全和使用寿命这一问题,研究了某型航空发动机喷嘴零部件上结焦积碳的生成情况.采用扫描电镜(SEM,Scanning Electron Microscope)、透射电镜(TEM,Transmission Electron Microscopy)、能谱仪(EDS,Energy Disperse Spectroscopy)以及X射线衍射技术(XRD,X-rayDiffraction)对结焦积碳的微观形态和性质进行了分析.结果表明:喷嘴零部件上生成的结焦积碳主要有两种形态:一种是丝状焦,另一种是颗粒状焦.其中,丝状焦只出现在零部件表面较光滑的位置,包括短纤维丝状焦和不定形丝状焦,是由金属催化作用所形成的;其形成与喷嘴零部件的结构、材质及表面粗糙度有关.颗粒状焦则主要集中在活塞表面,包括颗粒团聚状焦和颗粒分散状焦,是由催化作用与燃料热裂解共同作用所形成的.
Aiming at the problem that when the aviation fuel burns, a large amount of coking coke will be produced at the aero-engine nozzle and the flight safety and service life of the aero-aircraft will be affected. The formation of coke on the aero-engine nozzle parts is studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Scanning Electron Microscope), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Disperse Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to investigate the microscopic morphology and properties of coke- The results show that there are two main forms of coke deposition on the nozzle components: one is the filamentous coke and the other is the granular coke, in which the filamentous coke only appears on the smooth surface of the parts The position, including the short fiber filamentary coke and the amorphous filament coke, is formed by the metal catalysis, and the formation is related to the structure, material and surface roughness of the nozzle components.The granular coke mainly concentrates on the piston surface, Including particle agglomeration coke and particle dispersion coke, is formed by the catalytic interaction with the fuel pyrolysis.