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我州旱地红壤面积较大,约占旱地总面积的百分之四十,主要分布在文山、砚山、丘北、广南等县的丘陵和半山区,多属石灰岩发育的红壤类型。由于红壤具有干、酸、瘦、薄等特点,肥力不高,粮食单产很低,一般亩产玉米二百斤左右。一九五八年以来,丘北县认真总结群众经验,大力推广白砂改良红壤,玉米增产效果显著,改土面积逐年扩大,促进了农业生产的发展。前几年,在白砂改土过程中,由于技术指导跟不上,连年大量施用白砂,致使部份社队改土效果降低,玉米产生花白叶生理性病害,严重影响玉米产量的提高。因此,在改良低产红壤时,研究白砂的合理用量、后效及其对玉米产生花白叶病的影响,有重要的意义。
The area of dry red soil in our country is larger, accounting for about 40% of the total dry land area, mainly distributed in the hilly and semi-mountainous areas of Wenshan, Yanshan, Qiu Bei and Guangnan counties and mostly belong to the red earth types developed by limestone. Due to red soil with dry, sour, thin, thin and so on, fertility is not high, grain yield is very low, generally about two hundred kilograms per mu yield of corn. Since 1958, Qiubei County conscientiously sum up the experience of the masses, vigorously promote the improvement of white sand red soil, corn yield significantly, soil improvement has expanded each year to promote the development of agricultural production. A few years ago, in the process of white soil improvement, due to technical guidance can not keep up, successive years of large-scale application of white sand, resulting in some communes and teams to reduce soil effect, corn flower Baiye physiological diseases, seriously affecting the yield of maize. Therefore, the improvement of low-yield red soil, the study of the rational use of white sand, after-effects and the impact of corn leaf blight is of great significance.