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1986年普通高等学校招生统一考试已经结束。今年高考各科试题有何特点?题型有哪些变化?各科着重考查了考生哪些基础知识、基本技能和能力……都是广大读者迫切希望了解的,为此,我们请高考命题组的同志撰写了一组说明文章。高考命题工作是严格遵循国家教委提出的指导思想和原则进行的。今年高考命题的指导思想仍然是,既有利于高等学校选拔新生,又有利于中学教学。命题原则是,范围不超出中学教学大纲,试题内容的要求不超过中学所用统编教材所能达到的程度。今年各科试题的主要特点是: 一、注重能力的考查。今年各科试题从易到难、从基本到灵活都有一定的坡度。一些学科试题在难易比例上作了适当调整。一些学科试题增加了灵活性。今年的试题在全面考查考生的基础知识和基本技能的同时,注重考查考生灵活运用基础知识分析和解决问题的能力。二、试题的覆盖面广。凡是学生在中学阶段学过的主要内容在今年各科试题中基本上都得到了反映,还着重考查了高中阶段的重点内容和重点章节。三、试题的难度趋于稳定。经过近几年的摸索,对全国考生的水平开始有了一定的了解、试题的难度逐渐趋于稳定。下面,我们刊登部分学科命题组写的说明文章,对命题中如何具体实施国家教委提出的命题指导思想和原则作说明。
In 1986, the college entrance examination for colleges and universities has ended. What are the characteristics of this year’s college entrance examination subjects? What are the changes in the questions? Each department focuses on what basic knowledge, basic skills, and abilities of the examiners... All readers are eager to learn, and for this purpose, we ask the comrades of the college entrance examination proposition group. Wrote a set of explanatory articles. College entrance examination work is strictly in accordance with the guidelines and principles proposed by the State Education Commission. The guiding ideology of this year’s college entrance examination proposition is still to be beneficial to the selection of freshmen in colleges and universities and to teaching in middle schools. The principle of proposition is that the scope does not exceed the syllabus of the secondary school, and the content of the questions should not exceed the degree that the textbooks used by the secondary school can achieve. The main features of this year’s subjects are: 1. Focus on the ability to examine. This year’s subjects have a certain degree of slope from easy to difficult, from basic to flexible. Some subject test questions have been adjusted in proportion to difficulty. Some subject tests increase flexibility. This year’s questions examine the candidate’s basic knowledge and basic skills, and at the same time pay attention to examine candidates’ ability to use basic knowledge to analyze and solve problems. Second, the test coverage is wide. The main content that the student studies in the middle school stage has basically reflected in each subject examination question this year, also examined the key content and key chapter of high school stage. Third, the difficulty of the test questions tends to be stable. After several years of exploration, the level of national candidates has begun to have a certain degree of understanding, and the difficulty of the test questions has gradually stabilized. Below, we publish explanatory articles written by some subject proposition groups and explain how to implement the propositional guiding principles and principles proposed by the State Education Commission in the propositions.