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抗菌药物的作用机制抗菌药物对细菌具有选择性的毒性作用(即抗菌作用),而对宿主细胞及组织没有或很少毒性,这对临床治疗具有重要意义。细菌的基本结构为细胞壁、细胞膜、细胞浆(内含核糖体、质粒、中解体等)及核质,此外还可有荚膜、菌毛、鞭毛等。根据抗菌药物对细菌作用点的不同,抗菌药物的作用机制可分为5种类型:①干扰细胞壁的合成;②损伤细菌的细胞膜;③抑制细菌蛋白质的合成;④抑制细菌核酸合成;⑤对抗细菌的叶酸代谢。各种抗菌药物的
Antibacterial mechanism of action Antibacterial drugs have a selective toxic effect on bacteria (ie, antibacterial effect), but little or no toxicity to host cells and tissues, which is of great significance for clinical treatment. The basic structure of bacteria for the cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm (including ribosomes, plasmids, disintegration, etc.) and the nuclear, in addition to capsular, pili, flagellum and so on. According to the different point of antibacterial effect on bacteria, the mechanism of action of antibacterial drugs can be divided into five types: ① interfere with cell wall synthesis; ② damage bacterial cell membrane; ③ inhibit bacterial protein synthesis; ④ inhibit bacterial nucleic acid synthesis; Folic acid metabolism. A variety of antibacterial drugs