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在青藏高原及其周边地区有一种风俗:兄弟长大后不分家产,合娶一妻,共承父业。这种婚姻制度由来已久,现在只能在偏僻的山区才能看见。它包含着多种矛盾的萌芽,像镜子一样反衬出当地人从事两种生产(谋取生活资料和繁衍人口)的种种奥妙。故人类学家将其视为理论挑战,孜孜不倦地探索。本文由两位男女作者写就,比尔是体质人类学家,戈尔斯坦是社会人类学家。他们用社会生物学理论过滤采自尼泊尔利米峡谷的素材,提出“藏族人行兄弟共妻婚可能会增强他们适应环境的总体能力”。也就是说共妻制可能会增强丈夫自身适应环境的能力,从而提高家庭抵御风险的能力。全文排出5张表格和3个公式,定量与定性结合,通过论证将这个假设归入荒谬,最后指出兄弟共妻制的长期存在与特定的社会文化、经济政治和历史传统相关联,应该循着这条路子去寻找原因。
In the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas have a custom: brothers grew up regardless of family property, married a wife, a total inheritance father. This marriage system has a long history and can only be seen in the remote mountainous areas. It contains many kinds of contradictory buds, mirroring the same mysteries of the two kinds of production (for living materials and the multiplication of population) that locals carry out. Therefore, anthropologists regard it as a theoretical challenge and tirelessly explore. This article is written by two men and women writers, Bill is a physique anthropologist, Goldstein is a social anthropologist. They used social biology theory to filter the material collected from the Leemi Canyon in Nepal and put forward the suggestion that “co-marriage by Tibetan brothers may increase their overall ability to adapt to the environment.” In other words, cohabitation may enhance the husband’s ability to adapt to the environment and thus enhance the family’s ability to withstand risks. The full text excercises 5 forms and 3 formulas, quantitative and qualitative combination, this hypothesis is classified as absurd by argumentation. Finally, it points out that the long-term existence of fraternal co-wife is associated with specific socio-cultural, economic, political and historical traditions and should be followed This way to find the reason.