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目的了解福州市鼓山镇居民超重与肥胖现状及主要影响因素,为采取干预措施提供科学依据。方法运用多阶段随机抽样的方法及面对面问卷调查,对鼓山镇20岁及以上居民进行调查,体检获取身高、体重数据。结果共调查鼓山镇20岁及以上居民2412人,总体超重率为26.0%,肥胖率为7.1%。男性超重和肥胖率分别为30.1%和7.5%,女性为22.2%和6.8%,男性超重率高于女性,差别有统计学意义(χ2=19.658,P<0.05)。各年龄组间超重和肥胖率随着年龄的增长而升高,差别有统计学意义(超重χ2trend=102.395,P<0.05;肥胖χ2trend=21.833,P<0.05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,性别、年龄和婚姻状况是超重的影响因素,OR(95%CI)分别为0.643(0.533～0.775),1.027(1.021～1.033),2.316(1.674～3.205);年龄和职业是肥胖的影响因素,前者OR(95%CI)为1.014(1.002～1.027),后者经哑变量处理后各职业类型均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超重和肥胖在不同性别、年龄、职业和婚姻状况等因素间存在着较大差异。鼓山镇应重视超重和肥胖的防治工作,并采取综合性的预防和干预措施,以控制其发生。
Objective To understand the status and main influencing factors of overweight and obesity among residents in Gushan Town, Fuzhou City, and to provide a scientific basis for the intervention. Methods The method of multi-stage random sampling and face-to-face questionnaire survey were conducted to investigate the residents 20 years old and above in Gushan Town, and physical examination to get the height and weight data. Results A total of 2412 residents aged 20 and over in Gushan Town were investigated. The overall overweight rate was 26.0% and the obesity rate was 7.1%. Overweight and obesity rates were 30.1% and 7.5% for males and 22.2% and 6.8% for females, respectively. The prevalence of overweight in males was higher than that in females (χ2 = 19.658, P <0.05). Overweight and obesity rates among all age groups increased with age, the difference was statistically significant (overweight χ2trend = 102.395, P <0.05; obesity χ2trend = 21.833, P <0.05). Multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age and marital status were the most common causes of overweight. OR (95% CI) were 0.643 (0.533-0.775), 1.027 (1.021-1.0333) and 2.316 (1.674-3.205) respectively; Age and occupation were the influencing factors of obesity. The former had OR (95% CI) of 1.014 (1.002-1.227), while the latter had a statistically significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion There is a big difference between overweight and obesity in different gender, age, occupation and marital status. Gushan town should pay attention to the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity, and take comprehensive prevention and intervention measures to control its occurrence.