风俗是人们在日常生活中积久而成的社会风尚、习俗 ,是社会群体在语言、行为和心理上的集体习惯。它包括物质的、社会的、精神的和语言的诸多方面 ,各方面的风俗互相关联、互相影响、互相制约 ;而统治者的风俗政策 ,对风俗的形成、转变与演化 ,起着重要的引导作用。在分裂割据、社会动荡与剧变的魏晋南北朝时期 ,整齐风俗诚非易事。风俗政策与风俗观念的多样化 ,是历史发展的必然趋势。这一时期 ,尽管南北风俗不同又各有变化 ,但南北风尚处于不断融合之中。民间习俗、文化风气的交流与接近 ,使其呈现出新的特点 :一是社会风气的开放性 ;二是个人追求的自由性 ;三是文化结构的多元性 ;四是鬼神文化的兴盛 ;五是风俗文化显著的地域差异。魏晋南北朝社会风俗和文化的这些特征 ,使其成为历史上一个非常重要的时期 ,而其重要的历史地位又是与南北风俗文化的碰撞和南北民族的融合密切联系在一起的 Custom is the social customs and customs that people accumulate in daily life. They are the collective habits of the social groups in language, behavior and psychology. It includes many aspects of material, social, spiritual and linguistic. The customs of various aspects are interrelated and influence each other and restrict each other. The custom policy of the rulers plays an important guiding role in the formation, transformation and evolution of custom. effect. In the period of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties where separatism, social unrest and drastic changes were taking place, it was not easy for people to be neat and tidy. The diversification of custom policies and customs is the inevitable trend of historical development. During this period, despite differences in customs between the north and the south, each has its own changes, but the northern and southern styles are constantly merging. The exchange and proximity of folk customs and cultural customs make them show new features: one is the openness of social atmosphere; the other is the freedom of individual pursuit; the other is the diversity of cultural structures; the fourth is the rise of spirits and gods; Is a significant regional differences in customs and culture. These characteristics of social customs and cultures in the Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties make them a very important period in history, and their important historical status is closely linked with the collision of the customs and culture of North and South China and the integration of North and South peoples