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本研究应用生命周期评价方法,依据ISO 14040和ISO 14044等国际标准,通过中国某汽车生产企业的实地调研,核算了汽油发动机的累积能源需求(CED)、全球增温潜势(GWP 100 a)、酸化潜势(AP)、光化学氧化剂形成潜势(POCP)和富营养化潜势(EP)这5个方面的环境影响.结果表明,各类型的环境影响指标中,均是使用阶段的贡献最大,占贡献总量的48%~94%;其次是原材料的获取阶段,原材料的获取阶段对于AP与EP的贡献大于44%,而对于其他类别的环境影响的贡献在9%~27%之间;生产阶段对各种环境影响的贡献小于8%.本研究辨识了汽油发动机全生命周期重大环境影响过程和关键贡献因素,为绿色发动机的设计研发及政府政策的制定提供决策支持.
In this study, the life cycle assessment method was used to calculate the cumulative energy demand (CED), global warming potential (GWP 100 a) of a gasoline engine through the field investigation of a Chinese automobile manufacturer according to ISO 14040 and ISO 14044, , The acidification potential (AP), the photochemical oxidant formation potential (POCP) and the eutrophication potential (EP) .The results show that all types of environmental impact indicators are the contribution of the use phase Accounting for 48% ~ 94% of the total contribution. The second is the acquisition of raw materials. The contribution of raw materials to the contribution of AP and EP is more than 44%, while the contribution of other types of environmental impacts is from 9% to 27% And the contribution of the production phase to various environmental impacts is less than 8% .This study identified the major environmental impact of gasoline engines throughout the life cycle and the key contribution factors, to provide decision support for the design and development of green engines and the formulation of government policies.