孔子从人的心灵出发,强调人的修身自省在构建人与自然的统一和谐中的重要性,他的和谐思想是由心及物的外推式和谐;而老子主张自然和谐是最高和最好的和谐,只是人在社会活动中的“胡作妄为”破坏了这种和谐,人应该回归自然,回归到无为而无所不为的内敛式和谐。孔子和老子和谐思想的比较可以为我们提供在现实生活中如何构建和谐社会的有益启示。 Starting from the human mind, Confucius emphasizes the importance of self-examination and self-improvement of man in the construction of the unity and harmony between man and nature. His idea of ​​harmony is the harmony of extrapolation of the mind and matter. Laozi claimed that the harmony of nature is the highest and the best Only in the social activities of people, “acting absurdly,” undermines this kind of harmony, people should return to nature, return to inaction and omnipresent introverted harmony. The comparison of the Confucius and Laozi’s harmonious thoughts can provide us some beneficial enlightenment on how to build a harmonious society in real life.