目的了解海南省吸毒、暗娼和男同性恋3类艾滋病感染高危特殊人群(以下简称特殊人群)乙型病毒性肝炎(以下简称乙肝)的流行情况,为制定全省防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,随机抽查海南省8个市县暗娼人群和吸毒人群各200名,采取滚雪球抽查方法抽查海口市区男同性恋者100名,采集每名调查对象血标本进行乙肝血清学检测。结果特殊人群总的乙肝病毒(HBV)感染率和乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)携带率分别为66.8%和12.6%。吸毒人群的感染率和携带率分别为72.5%和17.0%;暗娼的感染率和携带率分别为61.0%和9.5%;男同性恋人群HBsAg携带率为10.0%。吸毒人群的感染率的携带率高于普通人群,明显高于暗娼和男同性恋者。吸毒人群的感染率和携带率地区间差异无统计学意义;西部地区暗娼人群的感染率和携带率明显高于东部,与吸毒人群相近。结论吸毒者和暗娼是海南省乙肝感染的高危人群之一,应尽早尽快采取包括乙肝疫苗免疫接种的综合性预防干预措施。 Objective To understand the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (hereinafter referred to as hepatitis B) in 3 special groups of HIV-positive drug users, sex workers and male homosexuals in Hainan Province (hereinafter referred to as special populations), so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating the province’s prevention and control strategies. Methods Random cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 200 sex workers and drug users in 8 cities and counties in Hainan Province. 100 snow gays were selected by means of snowball examination. Blood samples of each subject were collected for hepatitis B serology Detection. Results The total HBV infection rate and HBsAg carrier rate of special population were 66.8% and 12.6% respectively. The infection rate and carrying rate of drug users were 72.5% and 17.0% respectively; the prevalence and carriage rate of female sex workers were 61.0% and 9.5% respectively; and that of gay men was 10.0%. The prevalence of infection among drug addicts is higher than that of the general population, significantly higher than that of female sex workers and gay men. There were no significant differences in the infection rate and carriage rate of drug addicts between the two groups. The prevalence and carriage rate of FSW among the western regions were significantly higher than those in the east, similar to that of drug addicts. Conclusion Drug addicts and sex workers are one of the high risk groups of hepatitis B infection in Hainan Province. Comprehensive preventive interventions including hepatitis B vaccine should be adopted as soon as possible.