论文部分内容阅读
目的 分析开封市儿童哮喘发病状况 ,危险因素及防治状况与卫生经济学关系。方法 采用2 0 0 0年全国“0～ 14岁儿童哮喘流行病学调查”方案及诊断标准 ,对开封市 110 0 0名儿童进行随机抽样调查。对调查确诊的 12 8例哮喘患儿按哮喘调查表设计的 115项进行现场调查、分析、统计。结果 ①发病状况 :男女比值为 1 72∶1;各年龄组患病率差异有显著性 (P <0 0 0 1) ,以 3～ 5岁组患病率最高。工业区儿童患病率明显高于居民区 ,比值为 2 13∶1(P <0 0 1)。②相关因素分析 ,以过敏性疾病史、上呼吸道感染史 ,家族史为主要显著因子。③儿童哮喘误诊率较高 (44 5 % )。④治疗与卫生经济学分析 :统计学处理 ,差别有显著性 (P<0 0 0 1)。 (89 8%的哮喘患儿均为非规范治疗 ,年人均花费为 2 375 2元 ) ,确诊患儿中规范 (GINA方案 )治疗者仅占 10 2 % ,年人均花费为 6 5 3 6 8元。结论 本地区哮喘防治工作 ,同“全球哮喘防治创议”的要求相差甚远。由于误诊、误治造成了哮喘患儿家庭经济的负担及病情延误
Objective To analyze the incidence of asthma in children in Kaifeng City, risk factors and prevention and treatment and health economics. Methods A total of 110 0 0 children in Kaifeng City were randomly selected from the “Epidemiological Survey of Asthma in Children 0-14” and the diagnostic criteria in 2000. A total of 115 items of asthma questionnaire designed by the surveyed 12 8 asthmatic children were surveyed, analyzed and statistically analyzed. Results ① The incidence of disease: male to female ratio was 72: 1; the prevalence of each age group was significantly different (P <0.01), with the highest prevalence in the group of 3 to 5 years old. The prevalence of children in industrial areas was significantly higher than that in residential areas, with a ratio of 2 13:1 (P 0 01). ② Analysis of relevant factors, the history of allergic diseases, upper respiratory tract infection history, family history as the main significant factor. ③ high misdiagnosis rate of asthma in children (44 5%). ④ treatment and health economics analysis: statistical analysis, the difference was significant (P <0 0 0 1). (89.8% of children with asthma were non-standard treatment, the average annual cost was 2 3752 yuan), the diagnosis of children in the standard (GINA program) only 102% of the treatment, the average annual cost of 6 5 3 6 8 yuan. Conclusion The prevention and treatment of asthma in the region is far from the requirements of the “Global Initiative on Prevention and Treatment of Asthma”. Due to misdiagnosis, misdiagnosis caused the family economy burden and delay of asthma children