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应用系统动力学专用的仿真软件VENSIM对不同峰谷分时电价定价策略和不同响应类型用户进行仿真和比较研究。研究表明:①最优的峰谷分时电价结构是峰谷基价随发电电价和供电利润动态调整,峰谷电价比在峰谷电价实行初期固定不变,当负荷趋于平稳后随系统负荷特性动态调整;②不同响应类型的用户具有不同的最满意峰谷电价结构,因此,针对不同用户,应设置不同的峰谷电价结构参数;③在供需利益均衡机制作用下,平均电价呈衰减振荡趋势,振荡幅度与峰谷价差和滞后时间成正比,因此峰谷价差要结合削峰填谷目标、平均电价波动幅度和用户承受能力综合考虑。同时,尽可能缩短电价调整时间,平稳价格波动,提高峰谷电价政策的社会效益。
VENSIM, a dedicated simulation software for system dynamics, was used to simulate and compare the users of different peak-to-valley price-time pricing strategies and different response types. The results show that: (1) The optimal peak-valley time-of-use price structure is that the base price of peak-valley fluctuates dynamically with generation price and power supply profit, and the peak-to-valley price ratio is fixed at the beginning of peak- Dynamic adjustment; ② Users with different response types have different peak-valley pricing structures that are most satisfied with each other; therefore, different peak-valley price structure parameters should be set for different users; ③ Under the equilibrium of supply-demand equilibrium, the average electricity price declines and oscillates , The oscillation amplitude is proportional to the peak-valley spread and the lag-time. Therefore, the peak-valley spread should be combined with the goal of peak-cut valley filling, the fluctuation range of the average electricity price and the affordability of users. At the same time, try our best to shorten the adjustment time of electricity price, stabilize the price fluctuation and improve the social benefit of the peak-valley electricity price policy.