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目的通过对郴州市某戒毒所流感疫情特征和暴发原因的分析,有针对性地提出有效的预防和控制措施。方法采用流行病学调查方法,通过描述性研究和回顾性队列研究,探索暴发原因及流感疫苗保护效力。结果此次疫情共63例病例,其中可能病例55例,确诊病例8例,罹患率为13.46%(63/468)。首发病例发病时间为6月17日;6月22日—25日出现高峰,报告病例52例,占总病例数的82.5%(52/63)。对15例病例的咽拭子病毒核酸检测,其中8例为甲型H3N2流感病毒阳性。学员接种流感疫苗相对危险度(RR)为0.887(95%CI:0.56~1.43),流感疫苗保护率为11.3%。结论此次疫情为一起甲型H3N2流感暴发疫情,疫情初期未对病例进行及时有效的隔离,是导致疫情扩散的主要原因。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of the epidemic and the causes of the outbreak in a drug rehabilitation center in Chenzhou, and to put forward effective prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological survey method, through descriptive and retrospective cohort studies to explore the causes of outbreaks and the effectiveness of influenza vaccine protection. Results There were 63 cases in this outbreak, including 55 possible cases and 8 confirmed cases. The attack rate was 13.46% (63/468). The onset time of the first case was June 17; the peak appeared from June 22 to June 25, and 52 cases were reported, accounting for 82.5% (52/63) of the total number of cases. Of 15 cases of throat swab virus nucleic acid testing, of which 8 cases were positive for influenza A H3N2 influenza virus. The relative risk (RR) of flu vaccination among participants was 0.887 (95% CI: 0.56-1.43), and the flu vaccine protection rate was 11.3%. Conclusion The outbreak was an outbreak of influenza A (H3N2). The initial outbreak of the outbreak did not provide timely and effective isolation of the cases, which was the main reason for the spread of the outbreak.