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微型客车的侧翻事故虽不高,但是伤亡率很高。该文以一款微型客车为基础,建立了多体动力学模型,进行了急转弯稳定性虚拟试验。通过J-turn试验和鱼钩试验(fishhook)分析了方向盘转角与客车侧向加速度、轮胎垂直反力的关系,探讨了侧翻倾向性,估测出在这两种试验条件下微型客车急转弯不侧翻的侧向加速度不宜超过1.0g。通过单因素的仿真试验,揭示了客车结构参数、行驶参数及外部工况对微型客车侧翻倾向性的影响,表明路面附着系数对侧翻倾向性影响最为明显,其他参数也有较大的影响。该研究结果对于微型客车设计改进、风险预测和减少交通事故的发生具有科学意义。
Although the rollover accidents of mini-buses are not high, the casualty rate is very high. Based on a minibus, a multi-body dynamics model was established and a virtual test of sharp turning stability was carried out. The relationship between the steering wheel angle and the lateral acceleration of the passenger car and the vertical reaction force of the tire was analyzed by the J-turn test and the fishhook test, and the rollover tendencies were discussed. It was estimated that the sharp turn of the minibus under these two test conditions Do not rollover lateral acceleration should not exceed 1.0g. Through the single factor simulation test, the influence of passenger car structural parameters, driving parameters and external working conditions on rollover tendencies of minibuses is revealed. The results show that pavement adhesion coefficient has the most obvious influence on rollover tendencies and other parameters have a greater impact. The results of this study are of scientific significance for the design improvement of minibuses, risk prediction and the reduction of traffic accidents.