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我认为,狄更斯长篇小说中的形形色色的“扁平人物”,可以以体现了人性善或人性恶的精神道德为依据,划分出两个泾渭分明的系统。狄更斯的每一部长篇小说都有单纯的善良人和恶棍坏蛋,他们彼此对立,形成对照,这是狄更斯艺术创作的一个重要特点。在确定了善与恶这两个系统后,我们看到善的一方有正直、无私、忠厚、温情等高贵的品质,体现这些精神内容的人物,有尼古拉斯·尼克尔贝(同名小说中人物)、辟果提兄妹、贝西·特洛乌德(《大卫·科波菲尔》)、弗罗仑思(《董贝父子》)、萨姆森小姐(《荒凉山庄》)、乔(《远大前程》)、丽齐(《我们共同的朋友》)等;与此对立的另一方则有凶恶、傲慢、自私、冷酷、虚伪等品性,体现这类精神内容的形象有奎尔普(《老古玩唐》)、约那斯(《马丁·朱尔维特》)、赛克斯《奥列佛·退斯特》)、摩德斯通兄妹、尤利亚·希普(《大卫·科波菲尔》)、庞德贝、裴斯匿夫等。
In my opinion, all kinds of “flat characters” in Dickens’ novels can be divided into two distinct systems on the basis of the moral morals that embody human nature or human evil. Each of Dickens ’novels has a simple kindhearted villain and a bad villain, and they oppose each other and form a contrast. This is an important characteristic of Dickens’ artistic creation. Having identified the two systems of good and evil, we see that the good side has such noble qualities as integrity, selflessness, loyalty, warmth and the characters who embody these spiritual contents. Among them are Nicholas Nike Bay (the characters in the novel of the same name) , Brigitte Brothers, Besi Troyud (“David Copperfield”), Florens (“Father and Son”), Miss Samson (“Bleak House”), Joe (“Our Common Friend”); while the opposite party has such vicious, arrogant, selfish, cruel, hypocritical and other qualities. The image of such a spiritual content is Quelp (“ Old Don Don ”), Jonas (Martin Juventus), Sykes“ Oliver Twist ”), the Morrisstone brothers and sisters, Julia Ship (“ David Copperfield ”), Pound Debbie, Peifufangfu and so on.