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目的：了解儿童急性髓系白血病的临床特点、治疗疗效及预后因素。方法：对１９７８年８月～１９９５年１２月２７４例儿童急性髓系白血病进行临床总结和分析。结果和结论：中位确诊年龄７岁３个月，男∶女＝１．６３∶１，Ｍ２、Ｍ３型占８０％，高白细胞血症２０例，髓外白血病２４例，有Ａｕｅｒ小体者占３２．９％。治疗２４４例，分别以三种方案进行治疗，完全缓解（ＣＲ）率５５．８８％～９２．３１％，证明采用ＤＡ或ＤＡ＋Ｖｍ２６或Ｖｐ１６是提高ＣＲ的关键。影响诱导缓解因素为病初白细胞计数和肝脾肿大程度。通过ＳＰＳＳ统计学软件分析，ＡＭＬ亚型、Ａｕｅｒ小体、诱导缓解时间、髓外白血病等因素对远期预后有影响。
Objective: To understand the clinical features of children with acute myeloid leukemia, curative effect and prognostic factors. Methods: From August 1978 to December 1995, 274 children with acute myeloid leukemia were summarized and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The median age at diagnosis was 7 years and 3 months, male: female = 1.63:1, M2, M3 accounted for 80%, 20 cases of hypervolemia, 24 cases of extramedullary leukemia, Accounting for 32.9%. Treatment of 244 cases were treated with three programs, complete remission (CR) rate of 55.88% ~ 92.31%, that DA or DA + Vm26 or Vp16 CR is the key to raising. Affect the induction of remission factors for the initial white blood cell count and hepatosplenomegaly. Through SPSS statistical software analysis, AML subtypes, Auer bodies, induction of remission, extramedullary leukemia and other factors have an impact on long-term prognosis.