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石油作为一种战略性资源,在我国经济社会发展和国家安全建设过程中具有重要的作用和地位。2015年我国石油对外依存度首次突破60%,随着低油价下国内石油自给能力的逐步减弱以及国家对石油消费需求的进一步增长,石油对外依存度仍将进一步上升。研究发达国家的石油消费规律[1]和控制石油消费的经验[2],对防控我国对外依存度过高引发的石油供应安全风险具有重要意义。本文分析了美德日韩等发达国家的石油消费历程,总结了其石油消费规律,并结合我国实际提出了一些对策建议。
As a strategic resource, petroleum plays an important role and position in the economic and social development and the construction of national security in our country. In 2015, the foreign dependence on China’s oil exceeded 60% for the first time. With the gradual weakening of the self-sufficiency of domestic oil under the condition of low oil price and the further growth of the country’s demand for petroleum consumption, the dependence on oil will rise further. Studying the law of petroleum consumption in developed countries [1] and controlling the experience of oil consumption [2] is of great significance to preventing and controlling the oil supply security risk caused by the excessive dependence on foreign countries in our country. This article analyzes the oil consumption history of the developed countries, such as Japan, the United States, Germany and Japan, sums up the law of petroleum consumption, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions according to the reality of our country.