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目的 研究ｐ１６ 基因在喉癌发生过程中的表达及在喉癌诊断中的应用价值。方法 采用特异合成引物对ｐ１６ 基因的有关外显子进行ＰＣＲ 扩增，结合单链构象多态性技术，检测２９ 例喉癌手术标本中ｐ１６ 基因的突变，同时应用免疫组织化学方法观察其ｐ１６ 蛋白表达情况。结果 １１／２９ 的喉癌组织有ｐ１６ 基因第一、第二外显子的突变（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ，其中９／１１ 发生于喉癌Ⅲ、Ⅳ期；７／９ 伴颈淋巴结转移有者第一、第二外显子突变（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） 。免疫组织化学法结果显示临床Ⅲ、Ⅳ期喉癌ｐ１６ 蛋白表达明显低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ，伴颈淋巴结转移组ｐ１６ 蛋白表达明显低于无颈淋巴结转移组（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） 。结论 ｐ１６ 基因突变与喉癌的临床病程进展有关，在喉癌的诊断、判断预后及指导治疗上有重要意义。
Objective To study the expression of p16 gene in the development of laryngeal carcinoma and its clinical value in the diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma. Methods Specific primers were used to amplify the exon of p16 gene and detect the mutation of p16 gene in 29 cases of laryngeal carcinoma combined with single-strand conformation polymorphism. Meanwhile, the expression of p16 protein was observed by immunohistochemical method Express the situation. Results There was a mutation in the first and second exons of p16 gene in 11/29 laryngeal carcinoma (P <0.05), of which 9/11 occurred in stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ of laryngeal carcinoma. There were 7/9 cases with cervical lymph node metastasis The first and second exons were mutated (P <0.05). The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of p16 protein in stage III and IV laryngeal carcinoma was significantly lower than that in stage I and II (P <0.05), and the expression of p16 protein in cervical lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that in cervical lymph node metastasis (P < 0 .05). Conclusion The mutation of p16 gene is related to the clinical course of laryngeal cancer, which is of great significance in the diagnosis, prognosis and guidance of laryngeal cancer.