再审程序被誉为是维护司法公正的最后一道防线,其重要性自然不言而喻,但是,由于历史发展、现实困境等种种难题,再审程序依旧问题多多,本文通过对再审程序发展、现状及存在的困境的评析,对启动主体、检察院抗诉、再审之诉的建立等问题一一进行论述,试图构建在理念和制度上符合中国特色的再审制度。 Retrial procedure is regarded as the last line of defense to maintain judicial justice. Its importance is of course self-evident. However, due to the historical development and realistic predicament, there are still many problems in the procedure of retrial. Through the development of the retrial procedure, The paper analyzes the predicaments of existence, the subject of initiating body, the protest of Procuratorate and the establishment of retrial. It attempts to establish a retrial system that conforms to Chinese characteristics in philosophy and system.