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低钠血症是最常见的电解质紊乱类型。低钠血症会对癌症患者的预后和生存产生不利影响。有限的数据表明,肺癌患者中纠正低钠血症,可以增加患者对抗癌治疗的反应,可能有助于缩短住院时间和费用,降低发病率和死亡率。经常使用抗利尿激素受体拮抗剂等药物治疗成为必要。这些拮抗剂的使用可以有效治疗低钠血症,这一直是个重大突破。托伐普坦是抗利尿激素(ADH)受体拮抗剂,在肾小管水平能增加自由水的排泄而不引起电解质紊乱如低血钾和碱中毒。作者对托伐普坦治疗癌症患者合并低钠血症的研究情况进行综述。
Hyponatremia is the most common type of electrolyte disorder. Hyponatremia can adversely affect the prognosis and survival of cancer patients. Limited data suggest that correcting hyponatremia in patients with lung cancer may increase the patient’s response to anti-cancer therapy, which may help reduce hospitalization time and costs and reduce morbidity and mortality. Frequent use of antidiuretic hormone receptor antagonists and other drug treatment becomes necessary. The use of these antagonists to treat hyponatremia has been a major breakthrough. Tolvaptan is an antidiuretic hormone (ADH) receptor antagonist that increases the excretion of free water at the tubule level without causing electrolyte disturbances such as hypokalemia and alkalosis. The authors review the study of tolvaptan in the treatment of cancer patients with hyponatremia.