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针对低于调谐厚度的地层厚度估算难题,探索了一种应用叠后地震数据瞬时相位谱的地层厚度估算方法。该方法在有效地震频带内应用瞬时相位谱构建地层厚度估算的目标函数,不需要考虑反射系数大小和极性、地震子波的主频率。合成记录数据测试显示该方法在地震数据无噪声的情况下,对于厚度小于和大于调谐厚度的情况均能得到精确的厚度估算,厚度估算不受地震数据带宽、反射系数大小和极性的影响,但是厚度估算严重受噪声污染的影响。野外实际数据的应用表明,当在有效频带内地震数据具有高信噪比的前提下,应用该方法获得的地层厚度估算与测井解释数据比较,误差均小于10%,能够为油气藏勘探和开发的钻井部署提供依据。
Aiming at the problems of formation thickness estimation below the tuning thickness, a stratum thickness estimation method using instantaneous phase spectrum of post-stack seismic data is explored. The method uses instantaneous phase spectrum in the effective seismic band to construct the objective function of the formation thickness estimation without considering the size and polarity of the reflection coefficient and the dominant frequency of the seismic wavelet. Synthetic recorded data tests show that this method can obtain accurate thickness estimates for both thicknesses less than and greater than the tuning thickness under the condition of no seismic data. The thickness estimation is not affected by the seismic data bandwidth, reflection coefficient size and polarity, However, the thickness estimation is seriously affected by noise pollution. The application of field data shows that when the seismic data in the effective frequency band has a high signal-to-noise ratio, the error between the estimated thickness and the interpretation data obtained by this method is less than 10% Development of drilling to provide the basis for the deployment.