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目的了解杭州市婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的流行现状和病原谱构成,为制定有针对性的预防和控制措施提供依据。方法收集杭州市哨点医院2013年5岁以下腹泻门诊患儿粪便标本,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法同时进行轮状病毒(RV)、诺如病毒(NV)、星状病毒(ASV)、札如病毒(SAV)和肠道腺病毒(EADV)核酸检测。结果 151例患儿粪便标本中,5种病毒阳性率分别为25.17%、19.87%、0.66%、5.29%和5.29%,其中52份为单一病毒核酸阳性,16份为混合感染NV检出率在各年龄组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);ASV只在2~5岁组检出1例。男、女患儿病毒检出率分别为23.00%和29.41%。RV在各季度的检出率均较高,尤其是第一季度和第四季度,不同季度间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);SAV只在第二季度和第四季度检出,各季度间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 2013年杭州市婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的主要病原体是RV,其次是NV、SAV和EADV,ASV感染很少,另外还存在混合感染现象。
Objective To understand the prevalence and pathogenic spectrum of infantile viral diarrhea in Hangzhou and to provide evidence for the development of targeted prevention and control measures. Methods Sentinel specimens of children with diarrhea outpatients under 5 years of age from 2013 sentinel hospital in Hangzhou were collected. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect RV, norovirus (NV), astrovirus (ASV) Virus (SAV) and Enteric Adenovirus (EADV) nucleic acid detection. Results The positive rates of five viruses in 151 cases of children were 25.17%, 19.87%, 0.66%, 5.29% and 5.29%, respectively. Among them, 52 were positive for single virus nucleic acid and 16 were mixed infection. The detection rate of NV was There was a significant difference in all age groups (P <0.01). ASV only detected in 2 ~ 5 years old group. The detection rates of male and female children were 23.00% and 29.41% respectively. The detection rate of RV was higher in all seasons, especially in the first quarter and the fourth quarter, with significant differences between different quarters (P <0.01). The SAV was only detected in the second quarter and the fourth quarter. The difference between the quarters was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusions The main pathogens of infant diarrhea in 2013 in Hangzhou are RV, followed by NV, SAV and EADV. There are few ASV infections and there is mixed infection.