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1965年扎德教授发表“模糊集”一文后,模糊性研究开始出现在包括语言学在内的各个学科中。模糊性成为法律语言学的一个热点研究对象。本文通过对我国和西方的法律条文的观察和比较,并综合参考前人的研究,从法律意义上、语言学意义上归纳了法律语言模糊性在的主要成因。同时通过一些案例观察了语言模糊性对法律的积极和消极影响,辩证分析后本人得出如下结论:法律语言的模糊性的存在是各国法律中的普遍现象,是由语言本身性质和法律上的需要导致的必然结果。尽管这样的模糊性会对法律的执行造成一定的影响,但是我们无法,也不应该对其进行彻底消除。应该通过采取适当的措施来削弱其产生的消极影响。
After Professor Zade published his book “Fuzzy Sets” in 1965, fuzziness studies began to appear in various disciplines including linguistics. Ambiguity has become a hot research object of legal linguistics. By observing and comparing the legal provisions of our country and western countries and referring to the previous studies, this paper summarizes the major causes of the legal language ambiguity from the legal and linguistic perspectives. At the same time, I have observed the positive and negative effects of the language ambiguity on the law through some cases. After dialectical analysis, I have come to the following conclusion: The ambiguity of the legal language is a universal phenomenon in various countries’ laws, which is caused by the nature of the language and the legal Need to lead to the inevitable result. Although such ambiguity may have an impact on the implementation of law, we can not and should not eliminate it completely. The negative impact it generates should be mitigated by adopting appropriate measures.