‘黑油椿’香椿(Toona sinensis ‘Heiyouchun’)嫩芽富含萜类物质,主要以倍半萜为主,其中去氢香橙烯、9,10–脱氢异长叶烯和β–石竹烯含量分别高达4440.71,1932.02和1799.89 ng·g~(-1)。采用高通量RNA-seq测序技术(Illumina HiSeq~(TM) 4000)对嫩芽进行转录组测序,获得高质量的碱基数据量为4.70 Gb,共计86870个转录本(Transcript),对这些转录本进一步组装,得到55850个单基因簇(Unigene),平均长度为1013 bp。序列同源性比对表明,39408个单基因簇与数据库中其他物种基因存在不同程度的同源性,功能注释匹配度最高的物种为甜橙(Citrus sinensis)。将全部单基因簇进行GO数据库比对,19704个单基因簇获得GO功能注释,分为细胞组分、分子功能和生物学过程等3大类群和54个亚类,其中与代谢过程、细胞组分、结合和催化活性及细胞过程相关的单基因簇占绝大多数。利用COG数据库进行比对,14186个单基因簇分布于25个功能区域。KEGG代谢通路数据库比对,有28400个单基因簇获得功能注释,分为6大类,21个亚类和135个代谢途径分支。通过对转录组数据进一步分析发现,参与‘黑油椿’嫩芽风味形成相关萜类合成的单基因簇共计467个,其中参与萜类骨架生物合成、单萜生物合成、倍半萜和三萜类合成、二萜合成的单基因簇分别为226、71、86、84个,这为进一步研究香椿萜类物质生物合成相关的基因功能及解析其风味物质形成的分子机制提供了基础数据。 The shoots of ’Toona sinensis’ Heiyouchun’ were rich in terpenoids, mainly dominated by sesquiterpenes. Among them, dehydroquercene, 9,10-dehydroisovinolone and β- The contents of olefins were 4440.71, 1932.02 and 1799.89 ng · g -1, respectively. Transcriptome of shoots was sequenced using a high-throughput RNA-seq sequencing technique (Illumina HiSeq ™ 4000) to obtain high-quality base amounts of 4.70 Gb for a total of 86,870 transcripts The further assembly, to get 55850 single gene cluster (Unigene), the average length of 1013 bp. Sequence homology alignment showed that 39,408 single gene clusters had different degrees of homology with other species in the database and Citrus sinensis with the highest matching degree of functional annotation. All single gene clusters were compared with GO database, and 19704 single gene clusters were annotated with GO function and divided into 3 groups and 54 subclasses, including cell component, molecular function and biological process, Minute, combined with the catalytic activity and cellular processes related to the vast majority of single-gene cluster. Using the COG database for alignment, 14,186 single gene clusters were distributed in 25 functional regions. KEGG metabolic pathway database comparison, there are 28,400 single gene cluster functional annotation, divided into 6 categories, 21 subclasses and 135 metabolic pathways. Further analysis of the transcriptome data revealed that there were 467 single gene clusters involved in the terpenoid synthesis related to the bud formation of ’Inula chinensis’, which involved in terpene skeleton biosynthesis, monoterpene biosynthesis, sesquiterpenoids and triterpenes The number of single-gene cluster and the single-gene cluster of diterpene synthesis were 226, 71, 86, 84, respectively. This provided the basic data for further study on the gene function of terpinein biosynthesis and the molecular mechanism of flavor substance formation.