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[目的]掌握福建省2007年突发公共卫生事件(突发事件)特征。[方法]利用网络直报系统的突发事件案例库,描述与分析事件的分布特征。[结果]2007年全省达到预案规定的突发事件77起,其中Ⅱ级占1.3%、Ⅲ级20.5%、Ⅳ级78.2%,无Ⅰ级事件;波及人群罹患率7.09‰,死亡率0.05‰,病死率0.6%。传染病类占73.1%,主要是水痘、登革热、流行性腮腺炎等暴发流行;食物中毒类占24.4%,死亡病例构成比86.7%;学校和村落发生的事件分别占总数的55.1%和29.5%;事件的3个高峰分别在1月、4~6月、9月;泉州、三明、福州地区报告事件数较多,南平、福州、泉州报告的事件罹患率较高,南平报告的事件死亡率和病死率最高;食物中毒类和环境因素类事件的监测敏感性和控制效果较好。[结论]福建省2007年的突发事件以Ⅳ级和Ⅲ级事件、传染病类为主;食物中毒类事件易引发死亡病例,在处理上抢救病员应摆在首位;学校和村落是好发场所;事件出现的高峰与冬春季呼吸道疾病传播、野生菌与气候的消长等因素有关;食物中毒类和环境因素类事件的监测敏感性和控制效果较好与其潜伏期较短有关;各设区市突发公共卫生事件监测报告工作不够平衡,存在差异,与各地的人口、经济、辖区范围等不成比例有关。
[Objective] To grasp the characteristics of public health emergency (emergency) in Fujian Province in 2007. [Method] This paper describes and analyzes the distribution of events using the case database of emergency reporting system. [Results] In 2007, there were 77 emergencies which reached the pre-plan in the province, of which Ⅱ grade accounted for 1.3%, Ⅲ grade 20.5%, Ⅳ grade 78.2%, no grade Ⅰ event; affected the population attack rate 7.09 ‰ and mortality rate 0.05 ‰ , Case fatality rate 0.6%. Infectious diseases accounted for 73.1%, mainly chickenpox, dengue fever, mumps and other outbreaks; food poisoning accounted for 24.4%, the death rate of 86.7%; school and village events accounted for 55.1% and 29.5% of the total, respectively, ; Three peak events were in January, April to June, September; Quanzhou, Sanming, Fuzhou area reported a greater number of incidents, Nanping, Fuzhou, Quanzhou reported a higher incidence of incidents, Nanping reported incident fatality rate And the highest case fatality rate. The monitoring sensitivity and control effect of food poisoning and environmental factors are better. [Conclusion] In 2007, the emergencies in Fujian Province were classified as Grade IV and Grade III events and infectious diseases. Food poisoning incidents could easily lead to deaths and should be dealt with on the rescue of sick patients. Schools and villages are good Place; the peak of the incident was related to the spread of respiratory diseases in winter and spring, the growth and decline of wild bacteria and climate, etc. The monitoring sensitivity and control effect of food poisoning and environmental factors were better correlated with the shorter incubation period; Outbreak of public health incident monitoring report is not balanced, there are differences, with the population, economy, jurisdictional area and other disproportionate.