今天,我们需要藉牟先生之论述和多重的对经典与宋明儒学之诠释,展示牟先生的诠释方式和境界,以建立当代新儒家的生命诠释学。我们有必要以西方诠释学的发展与内容作为参照,进探与展示牟先生之生命诠释学。牟先生在诠释经典时,首先指出“了解”(这一概念)有感性之了解、知性之了解与理性之了解。感性之了解只是主观的随感式的了解。知性之了解则能对于字词语句都能加以掌握,此可说是对文本的初步了解。理性之了解是对于全篇文本之字词语句之意义,段落章节之论述,都能够会通而为一整体,掌握到文本的系统和理据,这是对文本的通贯的诠释。理性之了解基本上是对经典的客观理解,但还未进到对了解自身的反省或自我之了解。牟先生进一步提出诠释者要进到为其人以处之,诠释者与文本达到境界之融合,牟先生称之为生命之呼应。生命之存在呼应是自家生命真能存在地体证之,体证之即能超出原来文献之语文所限而得其实义,见证圣人之义理,即是对道之诠释。圣人的生命是对道之体悟至极,由解悟而证悟,而澈悟。圣人立教则圣人之言即是证道之言。相应于教之哲学诠释即是通过对教言之诠释,由此开示圣人体道之经验而使人之生命能得与圣人与道黩面相当,得到解悟,进而通过实践以证悟此道,最后得以澈悟而成圣。此时诠释学即是证道之学,亦即是圆教。从牟先生在对于程明道、朱子与陆象山的经典诠释中所展示出的由分解进至非分解的哲学诠释的进路和运用的论述中,以十个观点总结中国哲学诠释学的内容和结构,作为建立中国诠释学的基础和规模。 Today, we need to use Mr. Mu’s account and multiple interpretations of the classic and Song and Ming Confucianism to show Mr. Mu’s way of interpretation and realm in order to establish the life Neo-Confucianism of contemporary Neo-Confucianism. It is necessary for us to make reference to the development and content of western hermeneutics to explore and demonstrate the life hermeneutics of Mr. Mou. When explaining his classics, Mr. Mou first pointed out his understanding of perceptual knowledge and understanding and intellectual understanding of “understanding” (the concept). Sensual understanding is subjective, casual style of understanding. Knowledge of the understanding of words and phrases can be mastered, this is a preliminary understanding of the text. Rational understanding is the meaning of the whole sentence of words and phrases, paragraph paragraphs of the discourse, can pass through as a whole, to grasp the text of the system and motivation, which is the text of the interpretation of the general. Rational understanding is basically an objective understanding of the classic, but has not yet come to understand their self-examination or self-understanding. Mou further argues that the interpreter should go to the place where his or her interpreter and the text reach the realm of confluence, and Mu called it the echoes of life. The existence of life echoes the existence of physical evidence that its life can really exist. The physical evidence is able to go beyond the limits of the language of the original document to gain its true meaning and witness the truth of the saint, that is, the interpretation of Tao. Sage’s life is the most comprehension of Tao, enlightenment by enlightenment, and insight. Sage etiquette teaching is the word of the sage. Corresponding to teach the philosophical interpretation that is, through the interpretation of the teachings, which reveals the experience of the saint’s body and make life comparable with saints and Taoist, be enlightened, and then through practice to enlighten this, The last to be enlightened and sanctified. Hermeneutics at this time is the doctrine of the doctrine, that is, round religion. From the views of Mou on the approach and application of the interpretation from the decomposition to the non-decomposition in the classical interpretation of Cheng Ming-dao, Zhu Zi and Lu Xiang-shan, we summarize the content of Chinese philosophical hermeneutics Structure, as the foundation and scale of establishing Chinese hermeneutics.